CREATE TRIGGER - SQL SERVER
You don't want to INSERT a row in your trigger - the rows have already been added. Instead, you want to perform an UPDATE:
CREATE TRIGGER TR_Calc_Value ON Enrollment AFTER INSERT, UPDATE AS
BEGIN
UPDATE E
set MonthlyPayment = (
select 0.05 * SUM(Salary)
from Family FAM
inner join Filiation F
on FAM.IDFamily= F.IDFamily
where F.IDStudent = I.IDStudent
)
from Enrollment E
inner join inserted I
on E.IDEnrollment= I.IDEnrollment
Things to note
- The above properly copes with
inserted
containing multiple rows - I don't distinguish between father and mother (since they seem to be treated identically)
- If there are multiple fathers and mothers associated with the student, they all get included. Whether this is right or not is debatable, and with better constraints may not be possible - but the original trigger doesn't cope with this situation at all well either.
As per my comment, I'd also recommend not storing this information if it can always be recalculated from the other tables (not sure if that's correct in this case, but if it should reflect the other tables, you'll needs lots more triggers to keep everything consistent.
And as per-marc's deleted answer, it would also be a good habit to get into for you to always specify a column list when doing inserts. It's not the cause of this particular error, but helps to document your intentions better and helps to quickly eliminate possible errors by visual inspection.
wormwood87
Updated on June 04, 2022Comments
-
wormwood87 almost 2 years
A student is going to a school where he's going to pay a monthly value. That value will be (
FatherSalary + MotherSalary)*0.05
I only started to study triggers yesterday, I made one but i got the error
Msg 515, Level 16, State 2, Procedure TR_Calc_Value, Line 25
Cannot insert the value NULL into column 'IDStudent', table 'HW32.dbo.Enrollment'; column does not allow nulls. INSERT fails.when I insert values in the table
Enrollment
. Any help how to solve this?USE master; IF DB_ID (N'HW32') IS NOT NULL DROP DATABASE HW32; CREATE DATABASE HW32; USE HW32 CREATE TABLE Family( IDFamily int IDENTITY(1,1), FirstName nchar(20) NOT NULL, LastName nchar(20) NOT NULL, Gender nchar(1) NOT NULL, Salary money, CONSTRAINT PK_Family PRIMARY KEY(IDFamily), CONSTRAINT CK_Family_Gender CHECK (Gender IN ('M','F')) ) CREATE TABLE Student( IDStudent int IDENTITY(1,1), FirstName nchar(20) NOT NULL, LastName nchar(20) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT PK_Student PRIMARY KEY(IDStudent) ) CREATE TABLE Filiation( IDStudent int, IDFamily int, Filiation nchar(20) NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT FK_Filiation_IDStudent FOREIGN KEY (IDStudent) REFERENCES Student(IDStudent), CONSTRAINT FK_Filiation_IDFamily FOREIGN KEY (IDFamily) REFERENCES Family(IDFamily), CONSTRAINT PK_Filiation PRIMARY KEY(IDStudent,IDFamily) ) CREATE TABLE Enrollment( IDEnrollment int IDENTITY(1,1), IDStudent int NOT NULL, Status nchar(20) NOT NULL, MonthlyPayment money, CONSTRAINT PK_Enrollment PRIMARY KEY(IDStudent), CONSTRAINT FK_Enrollment_IDStudent FOREIGN KEY (IDStudent) REFERENCES Student(IDStudent), CONSTRAINT CK_Enrollment_Status CHECK(Status IN('Acepted','Rejected')), CONSTRAINT UC_Enrollment UNIQUE (IDEnrollment) ) USE HW32 GO CREATE TRIGGER TR_Calc_Value ON Enrollment AFTER INSERT, UPDATE AS DECLARE @monthlyPayment money, @sFather money, @sMother money BEGIN SET @sFather = (SELECT FAM.Salary FROM Family FAM LEFT JOIN Filiation F ON F.IDFamily = FAM.IDFamily LEFT JOIN inserted I ON I.IDStudent = F.IDStudent WHERE F.IDStudent = I.IDStudent AND FAM.Gender = 'M') SET @sMother = (SELECT FAM.Salary FROM Family FAM LEFT JOIN Filiation F ON F.IDFamily = FAM.IDFamily LEFT JOIN inserted I ON I.IDStudent = F.IDStudent WHERE F.IDStudent = I.IDStudent AND FAM.Gender = 'F') SET @monthlyPayment = ((@sFather + @sMother) * 0.05) INSERT INTO Enrollment (MonthlyPayment) VALUES (@monthlyPayment) END GO USE HW32 INSERT INTO Family VALUES('John', 'Smith', 'M', 800) INSERT INTO Family VALUES('Anna', 'Smith', 'F', 800) INSERT INTO Student VALUES('Carl', 'Smith') INSERT INTO Filiation VALUES(1, 1, 'Father') INSERT INTO Filiation VALUES(1, 2, 'Mother') INSERT INTO Enrollment (IDStudent, Status) VALUES(1, 'Accepted')
-
marc_s over 11 yearsFurthermore - when an
INSERT
was supposed to happen - the twoNOT NULL
columnsIDStudent
andStatus
in theEnrollment
table wouldn't be filled by that statement (and that's what's causing the error message in the first place) -
wormwood87 over 11 yearsThank you very much!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!It worked!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!