Overloaded operators in Complex class
Solution 1
Istream and Ostream operators need to be declared as friend public members in the Complex class in order for them to access private members of the Complex class.
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream&output, const Complex &complex){//Print as Complex object as (a,b) with overloaded version
output << '(' << complex.real << "," << complex.imaginary << ')';//it allows usage as cout<<a<<b<<c
return output;
};
friend istream &operator>>(istream&input, Complex &complex){//Get input from the user.
input.ignore();//ignore '('
input >> complex.real;
input.ignore();//ignore ","
input >> complex.imaginary;
input.ignore();//ignore ')'
return input;//it allows usage as cin>>a>>b>>c
}
On the other hand, you are declaring two types at the same time. The comparisons shall return bool so I remove Complex&:
bool Complex::operator==(const Complex &right) const{
if ((real == right.real) && (imaginary == right.imaginary))
return true;
else
return false;
}
I see a bug in operator !=, replaced && by || as different complex numbers can have same real or imaginary parts.
bool Complex::operator!=(const Complex &right) const{
if ((real != right.real) || (imaginary != right.imaginary))
return true;
else
return false;
}
That's all I see, try and tell us...
Solution 2
you can see below all code:
#include <iostream>
using std::cout;
using std::ostream;
using std::istream;
using namespace std;
class Complex
{
private:
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream&, const Complex&);
friend istream &operator>>(istream&, Complex&);
double real;
double imaginary;
public:
Complex(double = 0.0, double = 0.0);
Complex operator+(const Complex&) const;
Complex operator-(const Complex&) const;
Complex operator*(const Complex&) const;
const Complex &operator=(const Complex &);
const bool operator==(const Complex&) const;
const bool operator!=(const Complex&) const;
};
Complex::Complex(double r, double i)
{
this->real = r;
this->imaginary = i;
}
Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex& operando2) const
{
return Complex(real + operando2.real,imaginary + operando2.imaginary);
}
Complex Complex::operator-(const Complex& operando2) const
{
return Complex(real - operando2.real,imaginary - operando2.imaginary);
}
const Complex& Complex::operator=(const Complex &right)
{
real = right.real;
imaginary = right.imaginary;
return *this;
}
Complex Complex::operator*(const Complex &operando2) const
{
return ((real * operando2.real) - (real * operando2.imaginary), (real * operando2.imaginary) - (imaginary*operando2.real));
}
const bool Complex::operator==(const Complex &right) const
{
if((real == right.real) && (imaginary == right.imaginary))
return true;
else
return false;
}
const bool Complex::operator!=(const Complex &right) const
{
if((real != right.real) || (imaginary != right.imaginary))
return true;
else
return false;
}
ostream &operator<<(ostream&output, const Complex &complex)
{
output << '(' << complex.real << "," << complex.imaginary << ')';
return output;
}
istream &operator>>(istream&input, Complex &complex)
{
input.ignore();
input >> complex.real;
input.ignore();
input >> complex.imaginary;
input.ignore();
return input;
}
main(void)
{
Complex c1(4,5);
Complex c2(8,9);
Complex c3 = c1 + c2;
Complex c4 = c2 - c3;
Complex c5 = c1 * c3;
Complex c6(4,5);
bool varBool = c6 == c1;
varBool = c6 != c2;
c1 = c2 = c3;
cout << c3 << endl;
cin >> c3;
cout << c3 << endl;
}
user2970691
Updated on June 04, 2022Comments
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user2970691 almost 2 years
I implement complex class with overloaded operators. It gave me some errors after I compiled, I don't get how I solve them.The errors are generally about that "complex.cpp" does not recognize the Complex type, even there is no error on "complex.h".
complex.h
/*Definition of Complex Class. This class contains overloading operators.*/ #ifndef COMPLEX_H #define COMPLEX_H using std::ostream; using std::istream; class Complex{ friend ostream &operator<<(ostream&, const Complex &); friend istream &operator>>(istream&, Complex &); public: Complex(double = 0.0, double = 0.0);//constructor Complex operator+(const Complex &) const;//addition Complex operator-(const Complex &) const;//subtraction Complex operator*(const Complex &) const;//multiplication const Complex &operator=(const Complex &);//assignment bool const &operator==(const Complex &) const;//equivalent bool const &operator!=(const Complex &) const;//not equivalent private: double real;//real part double imaginary;//imaginary part }; #endifcomplex.cpp:
//Definition of Member Functions of the Complex Class #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::ostream; using std::istream; #include "complex.h" //Constructor Complex::Complex(double r, double i) :real(r), imaginary(i){}; //Overloaded addition operator Complex Complex::operator+(const Complex &operand2) const { return Complex(real + operand2.real, imaginary +operand2.imaginary); }; //Overloaded subtraction operator Complex Complex::operator-(const Complex &operand2) const { return Complex(real - operand2.real, imaginary - operand2.imaginary); }; //Overloaded assignment operator const Complex& Complex::operator=(const Complex &right) { real = right.real; imaginary = right.imaginary; return *this; }; //Overloaded multiplication operator Complex Complex::operator*(const Complex &operand2) const{ return((real *operand2.real)-(real*operand2.imaginary), (real*operand2.imaginary)-(imaginary*operand2.real)); } bool Complex& Complex::operator==(const Complex &right) const{ if ((real == right.real) && (imaginary == right.imaginary)) return true; else return false; } bool Complex& Complex::operator!=(const Complex &right) const{ if ((real != right.real) && (imaginary != right.imaginary)) return true; else return false; } ostream &operator<<(ostream&output, const Complex &complex){//Print as Complex object as (a,b) with overloaded version output << '(' << complex.real << "," << complex.imaginary << ')';//it allows usage as cout<<a<<b<<c return output; }; istream &operator>>(istream&input, Complex &complex){//Get input from the user. input.ignore();//ignore '(' input >> complex.real; input.ignore();//ignore "," input >> complex.imaginary; input.ignore();//ignore ')' return input;//it allows usage as cin>>a>>b>>c }Error Lists:
1- syntax error : identifier 'Complex' 62 1
2- error C2065:'complex' : undeclared identifier 58 1
3- error C2065: 'complex' : undeclared identifier 65 1
4- error C2065: 'complex' : undeclared identifier 67 1
5- error C2086: 'bool Complex' : redefinition 48 1
6- error C2143: syntax error : missing ',' before '&' 56 1
7- error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '&' 40 1 8- error C2143: syntax error : missing ';' before '&' 48 1
9- error C2228: left of '.imaginary' must have class/struct/union 58 1
10- error C2228: left of '.imaginary' must have class/struct/union 67 1
11- error C2228: left of '.real' must have class/struct/union 58 1
12- error C2228: left of '.real' must have class/struct/union 65 1
13- error C2373: 'Complex::operator !=' :redefinition; different type modifiers 48 1
14- error C2373: 'Complex::operator ==' : redefinition; different type modifiers 40 1
15- error C2556: 'int &Complex::operator !=(const Complex &) const' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'const bool &Complex::operator !=(const Complex &) const' 48 1
16- error C2556: 'int &Complex::operator ==(const Complex &) const' : overloaded function differs only by return type from 'const bool &Complex::operator ==(const Complex &) const' 40 1
17- error C2805: binary 'operator >>' has too few parameters 62 1
18- error C4430: missing type specifier -int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 40 1
19-error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 48 1
20-error C4430: missing type specifier - int assumed. Note: C++ does not support default-int 56 1
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user2970691 about 10 yearsThank you so much. Removing complex& has solved all errors suddenly, and also thanks for the bug warning.