Why do my controller's instance variables not work in views (Rails)

Question

I would like to add a couple of instance variables to my controller, since the variables in question are required from within more than one action's view. However, the below example does not work as I would expect.

class ExampleController < ApplicationController
  @var1 = "Cheese"
  @var2 = "Tomato"

  def show_pizza_topping
    # What I want is the above instance vars from within the view here
  end

  def show_sandwich_filling
    # What I want is the above instance vars from within the view here
  end
end

As I understand it, Rails takes the instance variables from the controller and makes them available in the view. If I assign the same variables within the action methods, it works fine - but I don't want to do it twice. Why does my way not work?

(Note: this is a bit of a rubbish example, but I hope it makes sense)

EDIT: I have found the answer to this question here: When do Ruby instance variables get set?

EDIT 2: when is the best time to use filters such as before_filter and the initialize method?

Solution 1

These types of things should be handled in a before_filter. A before filter, like the name implies, is a method that will get called before any actions, or only the ones you declare. An example:

class ExampleController < ApplicationController

  before_filter :set_toppings

  def show_pizza_topping
    # What I want is the above instance vars from within the view here
  end

  def show_sandwich_filling
    # What I want is the above instance vars from within the view here
  end

protected

  def set_toppings
    @var1 = "Cheese"
    @var2 = "Tomato"
  end

end

Or, you could have your before_filter only work on one of your actions

before_filter :set_toppings, :only => [ :show_pizza_topping ]

Hope this helps.

EDIT: Here's some more information on filters in ActionController.

Solution 2

Those aren't instance variables, are they?

class A
  @x = 5
  def f
    puts @x
  end
end

A.new.f
=> nil

You're defining it at the class-level, not the instance-level. As "theIV" points out, you need to assign them inside an instance method.