Check expiry date of ssl certificate for multiple remote servers

Question

I can find out the expiry date of ssl certificates using this OpenSSL command:

openssl x509 -noout -in <filename> -enddate

But if the certificates are scattered on different web servers, how do you find the expiry dates of all these certificates on all the servers?

There seems to be a way to connect to other host, but I'm not sure how to get the expiry date using this:

openssl s_client -connect host:port

Solution 1

I had the same issue and wrote this... It's quick and dirty, but should work. It'll log (and print to screen with debugging on) any certs which aren't yet valid or expire in the next 90 days. Might contain some bugs, but feel free to tidy it up.

#!/bin/sh

DEBUG=false
warning_days=90 # Number of days to warn about soon-to-expire certs
certs_to_check='serverA.test.co.uk:443
serverB.test.co.uk:8140
serverC.test.co.uk:443'

for CERT in $certs_to_check
do
  $DEBUG && echo "Checking cert: [$CERT]"

  output=$(echo | openssl s_client -connect ${CERT} 2>/dev/null |\
  sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' |\
  openssl x509 -noout -subject -dates 2>/dev/null) 

  if [ "$?" -ne 0 ]; then
    $DEBUG && echo "Error connecting to host for cert [$CERT]"
    logger -p local6.warn "Error connecting to host for cert [$CERT]"
    continue
  fi

  start_date=$(echo $output | sed 's/.*notBefore=\(.*\).*not.*/\1/g')
  end_date=$(echo $output | sed 's/.*notAfter=\(.*\)$/\1/g')

  start_epoch=$(date +%s -d "$start_date")
  end_epoch=$(date +%s -d "$end_date")

  epoch_now=$(date +%s)

  if [ "$start_epoch" -gt "$epoch_now" ]; then
    $DEBUG && echo "Certificate for [$CERT] is not yet valid"
    logger -p local6.warn "Certificate for $CERT is not yet valid"
  fi

  seconds_to_expire=$(($end_epoch - $epoch_now))
  days_to_expire=$(($seconds_to_expire / 86400))

  $DEBUG && echo "Days to expiry: ($days_to_expire)"

  warning_seconds=$((86400 * $warning_days))

  if [ "$seconds_to_expire" -lt "$warning_seconds" ]; then
    $DEBUG && echo "Cert [$CERT] is soon to expire ($seconds_to_expire seconds)"
    logger -p local6.warn "cert [$CERT] is soon to expire ($seconds_to_expire seconds)"
  fi
done

If using on OS X, you may find that the date command doesn't work correctly. This is due to differences in the Unix and Linux version of this utility. The linked post has options for making this work.

Solution 2

Just run the command below and it will provide the expiration date:

echo q | openssl s_client -connect google.com.br:443 | openssl x509 -noout -enddate

You can use this command into a batch file, to gather this information for more remote servers.

Solution 3

Below is my script that as a check within nagios. It connects to a specific host, it verifies that the certificate is valid within a threshold set by the -c/-w options. It can check that the CN of the certificate matches the name you expect.

You need the python openssl library, and I did all the testing with python 2.7.

It would be trivial to have a shell script call this multiple times. The script returns the standard nagios exit values for critical/warning/ok status.

A simple check of Google's certificate can be performed like this.

./check_ssl_certificate -H www.google.com -p 443 -n www.google.com

Expire OK[108d] - CN OK - cn:www.google.com

check_ssl_certificate

#!/usr/bin/python

"""
Usage: check_ssl_certificate -H <host> -p <port> [-m <method>] 
                      [-c <days>] [-w <days>]
  -h show the help
  -H <HOST>    host/ip to check
  -p <port>    port number
  -m <method>  (SSLv2|SSLv3|SSLv23|TLSv1) defaults to SSLv23
  -c <days>    day threshold for critical
  -w <days>    day threshold for warning
  -n name      Check CN value is valid
"""

import getopt,sys
import __main__
from OpenSSL import SSL
import socket
import datetime

# On debian Based systems requires python-openssl

def get_options():
  "get options"

  options={'host':'',
           'port':'',
           'method':'SSLv23',
           'critical':5,
           'warning':15,
           'cn':''}

  try:
    opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "hH:p:m:c:w:n:", ['help', "host", 'port', 'method'])
  except getopt.GetoptError as err:
    # print help information and exit:
    print str(err) # will print something like "option -a not recognized"
    usage()
    sys.exit(2)
  for o, a in opts:
    if o in ("-h", "--help"):
      print __main__.__doc__
      sys.exit()
    elif o in ("-H", "--host"):
      options['host'] = a
      pass
    elif o in ("-p", "--port"):
      options['port'] = a
    elif o in ("-m", "--method"):
      options['method'] = a
    elif o == '-c':
      options['critical'] = int(a)
    elif o == '-w':
      options['warning'] = int(a)
    elif o == '-n':
      options['cn'] = a
    else:
      assert False, "unhandled option"

  if (''==options['host'] or 
      ''==options['port']):
    print __main__.__doc__
    sys.exit()

  if options['critical'] >= options['warning']:
    print "Critical must be smaller then warning"
    print __main__.__doc__
    sys.exit()

  return options

def main():
  options = get_options()

  # Initialize context
  if options['method']=='SSLv3':
    ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv3_METHOD)
  elif options['method']=='SSLv2':
    ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv2_METHOD)
  elif options['method']=='SSLv23':
    ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.SSLv23_METHOD)
  else:
    ctx = SSL.Context(SSL.TLSv1_METHOD)

  # Set up client
  sock = SSL.Connection(ctx, socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))
  sock.connect((options['host'], int(options['port'])))
  # Send an EOF
  try:
    sock.send("\x04")
    sock.shutdown()
    peer_cert=sock.get_peer_certificate()
    sock.close()
  except SSL.Error,e:
    print e

  exit_status=0
  exit_message=[]

  cur_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow()
  cert_nbefore = datetime.datetime.strptime(peer_cert.get_notBefore(),'%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ')
  cert_nafter = datetime.datetime.strptime(peer_cert.get_notAfter(),'%Y%m%d%H%M%SZ')

  expire_days = int((cert_nafter - cur_date).days)

  if cert_nbefore > cur_date:
    if exit_status < 2: 
      exit_status = 2
    exit_message.append('C: cert is not valid')
  elif expire_days < 0:
    if exit_status < 2: 
      exit_status = 2
    exit_message.append('Expire critical (expired)')
  elif options['critical'] > expire_days:
    if exit_status < 2: 
      exit_status = 2
    exit_message.append('Expire critical')
  elif options['warning'] > expire_days:
    if exit_status < 1: 
      exit_status = 1
    exit_message.append('Expire warning')
  else:
    exit_message.append('Expire OK')

  exit_message.append('['+str(expire_days)+'d]')

  for part in peer_cert.get_subject().get_components():
    if part[0]=='CN':
      cert_cn=part[1]

  if options['cn']!='' and options['cn'].lower()!=cert_cn.lower():
    if exit_status < 2:
      exit_status = 2
    exit_message.append(' - CN mismatch')
  else:
    exit_message.append(' - CN OK')

  exit_message.append(' - cn:'+cert_cn)

  print ''.join(exit_message)
  sys.exit(exit_status)

if __name__ == "__main__":
  main()

Solution 4

Here is a one-liner version of the accepted answer, that just outputs the remaining number of days:

( export DOMAIN=example.com; echo $(( ( $(date +%s -d "$( echo | openssl s_client -servername $DOMAIN -connect $DOMAIN:443 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -noout -enddate | sed 's/.*notAfter=\(.*\)$/\1/g' )" ) - $(date +%s) ) / 86400 )) )

Example with www.github.com:

$ ( export DOMAIN=www.github.com; echo $(( ( $(date +%s -d "$( echo | openssl s_client -servername $DOMAIN -connect $DOMAIN:443 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -noout -enddate | sed 's/.*notAfter=\(.*\)$/\1/g' )" ) - $(date +%s) ) / 86400 )) )
210

Solution 5

get_pem

Connect to host:port, extract the certificate with sed and write it to /tmp/host.port.pem.

get_expiration_date

Read the given pem file and evaluate the notAfter key as a bash variable. Then print the file name and the date when it expires in a given locale.

get_pem_expiration_dates

Iterate some input file and run the above functions.

check.pems.sh

#!/bin/bash
get_pem () {
    openssl s_client -connect $1:$2 < /dev/null |& \
    sed -n '/BEGIN CERTIFICATE/,/END CERTIFICATE/w'/tmp/$1.$2.pem
}
get_expiration_date () {
    local pemfile=$1 notAfter
    if [ -s $pemfile ]; then
        eval `
          openssl x509 -noout -enddate -in /tmp/$pemfile |
          sed -E 's/=(.*)/="\1"/'
        `
        printf "%40s: " $pemfile
        LC_ALL=ru_RU.utf-8 date -d "$notAfter" +%c
    else
        printf "%40s: %s\n" $pemfile '???'
    fi
}

get_pem_expiration_dates () {
    local pemfile server port
    while read host; do
        pemfile=${host/ /.}.pem
        server=${host% *}
        port=${host#* }
        if [ ! -f /tmp/$pemfile ]; then get_pem $server $port; fi
        if [   -f /tmp/$pemfile ]; then get_expiration_date $pemfile; fi
    done < ${1:-input.txt}
}

if [ -f "$1" ]; then
    get_pem_expiration_dates "$1" ; fi

sample output

 $ sh check.pems.sh input.txt
             www.google.com.443.pem: Пн. 30 дек. 2013 01:00:00
              superuser.com.443.pem: Чт. 13 марта 2014 13:00:00
               slashdot.org.443.pem: Сб. 24 мая 2014 00:49:50
          movielens.umn.edu.443.pem: ???
 $ cat input.txt
 www.google.com 443
 superuser.com 443
 slashdot.org 443
 movielens.umn.edu 443

And to answer your question:

$ openssl s_client -connect www.google.com:443 </dev/null |& \
sed -n '/BEGIN CERTIFICATE/,/END CERTIFICATE/p' | \
openssl x509 -noout -enddate |& \
grep ^notAfter

View more solutions

Comments

[Lars Kiesow]

I modified/expanded your script a bit to also be able to check mail server certificates as well as to give a nice littlöe overview about the status of all certificates. You can find the modified script at: gist.github.com/lkiesow/c9c5d96ecb71822b82cd9d194c581cc8

[numberwhun]

The way you have this written, you have to hit CTRL-C to end it. You could fix that with: openssl s_client -connect google.com.br:443 </dev/null 2>&1 | openssl x509 -noout -enddate Just a thought.

[Flimm]

If the server is using SNI, you need to include the -servername argument, like this: openssl s_client -servername example.com -connect example.com:443

[Flimm]

If the server uses SNI, you need to use the -servername argument, like this: openssl s_client -servername google.com.br -connect google.com.br:443

[Flimm]

If the server is using SNI, you need to include the -servername argument, like this: openssl s_client -servername example.com -connect example.com:443

[user1130176]

i get syntax error near unexpected token `export'

[Mathieu Rey]

@user1130176 the ( ... ) subshell syntax might be specific to Bash ; I guess you are using a different shell?