Has one through Laravel Eloquent

Question

I have three tables garages, cars, securities.

The securities are the ones that is keeping one car safe, you can have more than one security, but a single security can keep only one car safe. The garage is where the car is and the securities are as well.

What I want is to list all the securities and know the name of the garage that he is. The problem is that securities doesn't have a column containing the id of the garage, only the id of the car that he is keeping safe, but car has the id of the garage.

Laravel Eloquent has a method called hasManyThrough, but securities has one garage through cars only.

Here is the tables:

garages table:

-----------------------------------
|garage_id|garage_name|garage_size|
-----------------------------------
|        1|   Garage 1|        200|
-----------------------------------
|        2|   Garage 2|        400|
-----------------------------------

cars table:

---------------------------
|car_id|car_name|garage_id|
---------------------------
|     1|   Car 1|        1|
---------------------------
|     2|   Car 2|        1|
---------------------------
|     3|   Car 3|        2|
---------------------------

securities table:

----------------------------------
|security_id|security_name|car_id|
----------------------------------
|          1|  Security 1|      1|
----------------------------------
|          2|  Security 2|      1|
----------------------------------
|          3|  Security 3|      2|
----------------------------------
|          4|  Security 4|      3|
----------------------------------

The output must to be:

Security 1 is on Garage 1
Security 2 is on Garage 1
Security 3 is on Garage 1
Security 4 is on Garage 2

And I have the models:

The code is to list the garages, but I want to make similar but to list the securities (just for you to have an idea of how the structure is).

$garages = Garages::with(['cars', 'securities'])->get();

$garages->transform(function($garages) {
    return array(
        'garage_name'      => $garage->garage_name,
        'count_cars'       => $garage->cars->count(),
        'count_securities' => $garage->securities->count(),
   );
});

class Garages extends Eloquent
{
    public function cars()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('cars');
    }

    public function securities()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('securities');
    }
}

class Cars extends Eloquent
{
}

class Securities extends Eloquent
{
}

And just to make an emphasis again: I want to have the name of the garage related to the car that the security is keeping safe.

Just to make it even easier to understand, if I do this:

$securities = Securities::with(['cars'])->get();

class Securities extends Eloquent
{
    public function cars()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('cars');
    }
}

I will get only the garage_id from cars table as relations. What I really want is the name of the garage.

[relations:protected] => Array
    (
        [cars] => Cars Object
            (
                ...
                [attributes:protected] => Array
                    (
                        ...
                        [car_name] => Car 1
                        [garage_id] => 1
                        ...

Solution 1

It looks like you are not relating objects correctly. Let's break that down:

If a Garage Has Many Car then a Car Belongs To Garage, Lets proceed with this idea in mind.

• Garage Has Many Car
• Car Has Many Security
• Security Belongs To Car
• Garage Has Many Security Through Car

In Eloquent you can just go ahead and clap those relations in, it should work given the schema you posted above.

class Garage extends Eloquent
{
    public function cars()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('cars');
    }

    public function securities()
    {
        return $this->hasManyThrough('Security', 'Car');
    }
}

class Car extends Eloquent
{
    public function securities()
    {
        return $this->hasMany('Security');
    }

    // ADDED IN SECOND EDIT

    public function garage()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Garage');
    }       
}

class Security extends Eloquent
{
    public function car()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo('Car');
    }
}

And that should be it.

EDIT: You can access all these relations from any model as long as there is a path you can draw from one model to another using a combination of these relations. Check this out for example:

$security = Security::with('car.garage')->first();

will retrieve first Security record and load Car relation on it, then it goes one more step and load all Garage relations on every Car object loaded under Security model.

You can access them using this syntax:

$security->car->garage->id

// Other examples
$garage = Garage::with('cars.securities')->first();

foreach($garage->cars as $car)
{
    foreach($cars->securities as $security)
    {
        echo "Car {$car->id} has {$security->id} assigned to it";
    }
}

Furthermore, notice that the relationship objects are an instance of Collection so you have all the fancy methods such as ->each(), ->count(), ->map() available on them.

Solution 2

I ran into a similar problem recently and was able to do something like this:

class Cars extends Eloquent
{
    public function garage()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('Garages');
    }
}

class Securities extends Eloquent
{
    public function car()
    {
        return $this->hasOne('Cars');
    }

    public function garage()
    {
        return $this->car->garage();
    }
}

This gives you the Securities has one garage relationship and you can do something like:

$securities = Securities::with('garage')->get();

foreach($securities as $security)
{
    echo $security->security_name . ' is on ' . $security->garage->garage_name;
}

Solution 3

This is relevant to your original inquiry.

hasOneThrough will be available in Laravel 5.8

https://github.com/laravel/framework/pull/26057/files

Solution 4

You can use hasOneThrough, integrated on Laravel => 5.8.

public function garage()
{
    return $this->hasOneThrough(
        Garage::class,
        Car::class,
        'car_id',
        'id',
        null,
        'garage_id'
    );
}

Dont use solutions like

return $this->car->garage();

Because it are using eager loading, and you call to database on each iteration. These type of solution are not optimized.

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