How to define and use resources in xaml so they can be used in C#

Question

Theoretically, I think that I can define Brushes and Colors etc. in an xaml file and assign that to a button.background in c#. But how do I do that? Where do I put my lineargradientbrush definition like this:

<LinearGradientBrush x:Key="BlaBrush">
                <GradientStop Offset="0" Color="Red"/>
                <GradientStop Offset="1" Color="Green"/>
</LinearGradientBrush>

Just putting it at various places in my window's xaml file results in various error messages :/

I found this question here on stackoverflow: How to use a defined brush resource in XAML, from C# which explains a part of it, but he seems to know where to do the Brush definition.

I also tried adding the shinyblue.xaml wpf template to the app and added <ResourceDictionary Source="ShinyBlue.xaml"/> to the application.resources in app.xaml. This makes all my buttons blue instantly, but still, the "things" defined in shinyblue.xaml like NormalBrush is not accessible from C# - at least I don't know how.

Marc

Solution 1

Your xaml would look something like this:

MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="BrushResource.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">

<Window.Resources>
    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="BrushOne" StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5" Opacity="0.5">
        <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
            <GradientStopCollection>
                <GradientStop Color="Black" Offset="0" />
                <GradientStop Color="Silver" Offset="1" />
            </GradientStopCollection>
        </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
    </LinearGradientBrush>

    <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="BrushTwo" StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5" Opacity="0.5">
        <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
            <GradientStopCollection>
                <GradientStop Color="Maroon" Offset="0" />
                <GradientStop Color="Silver" Offset="1" />
            </GradientStopCollection>
        </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
    </LinearGradientBrush>
</Window.Resources>

<StackPanel>
    <Button Content="Button" Width="100" Click="myButton_Click"/>
</StackPanel>

To assign the value, you need to grab the gradient brush from the resources like this:

MainWindow.xaml.cs

private void myButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
    {
        (sender as Button).Background = this.Resources["BrushOne"] as LinearGradientBrush;
    }

Solution 2

Note that the existing answers talk about putting the resources in Window.Resources. If you want the resources to be available application-wide, you might consider putting them in App.xaml or better yet, create stand-alone resource dictionaries that can be included in your views and re-used elsewhere (including other projects)

<UserControl.Resources>
    <ResourceDictionary>
        <ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
            <ResourceDictionary Source="DefaultStyles.xaml"/>
        </ResourceDictionary.MergedDictionaries>
        <Style x:Key="my_style" />
    </ResourceDictionary>
</UserControl.Resources>

Solution 3

Put them in the Resources collection of one of your elements in XAML:

<Window ...>
    <Window.Resources>
        <LinearGradientBrush x:Key="BlaBrush">
            <GradientStop Offset="0" Color="Red"/>
            <GradientStop Offset="1" Color="Green"/>
        </LinearGradientBrush>
        <!-- Other resources -->
    </Window.Resources>
    <!-- Contents of window -->
</Window>

Then get them in code by using FindResource

var blaBrush = this.FindResource("BlaBrush") as LinearGradientBrush;

See Resources Overview for more information.

Solution 4

You can access the application resources as

Application.Current.Resources["BlaBrush"] as LinearGradientBrush

Or, you add the resource to the control's resources and access them like Quartermeister wrote.

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