How to detect if a string is encoded with escape() or encodeURIComponent()

Question

I have a web service that receives data from various clients. Some of them sends the data encoded using escape(), while the others instead use encodeURIComponent(). Is there a way to detect the encoding used to escape the data?

Solution 1

Encourage your clients to use encodeURIComponent(). See this page for an explanation: Comparing escape(), encodeURI(), and encodeURIComponent(). If you really want to try to figure out exactly how something was encoded, you can try to look for some of the characters that escape() and encodeURI() do not encode.

Solution 2

This won't help in the server-side, but in the client-side I have used javascript exceptions to detect if the url encoding has produced ISO Latin or UTF8 encoding.

decodeURIComponent throws an exception on invalid UTF8 sequences.

try {
     result = decodeURIComponent(string);
}
catch (e) {
     result =  unescape(string);                                       
}

For example, ISO Latin encoded umlaut 'ä' %E4 will throw an exception in Firefox, but UTF8-encoded 'ä' %C3%A4 will not.

See Also

• decodeURIComponent vs unescape, what is wrong with unescape?
• Comparing escape(), encodeURI(), and encodeURIComponent()

Solution 3

I realize this is an old question, but I am unaware of a better solution. So I do it like this (thanks to a comment by RobertPitt above):

function isEncoded(str) {
    return typeof str == "string" && decodeURIComponent(str) !== str;
}

I have not yet encountered a case where this failed. Which doesn't mean that case doesn't exists. Maybe someone could shed some light on this.

Solution 4

Thanks for @mika for great answer. Maybe just one improvement since unescape function is considered as deprecated:

declare function unescape(s: string): string;


decodeURItoString(str): string {

 var resp = str;

 try {
    resp = decodeURI(str);
 } catch (e) {
    console.log('ERROR: Can not decodeURI string!');

    if ( (unescape != null) && (unescape instanceof Function) ) {
        resp = unescape(str);
    }
 }

return resp;

}

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Comments

[Rodrigo]

I agree that, but unfortunately I can't force the clients to adopt a encoding standard.

[RobertPitt]

also, maybe something like: function isEncoded(str){return decodeURIComponent(str) !== str;}

[mergen]

It'll fail when where's something only partially encoded, like http://google.de/hello%20world woops. Still have to find an elegant way to handle this.

[krisku]

This solution has absolutely nothing to do with trying to determine which of escape() or encodeURIComponent() something has been encoded with..

[krisku]

They differ wildly in how non-ascii characters are encoded: encodeURIComponent() produces percent encoded UTF-8 sequences while escape() percent encodes the octets (as in ISO-8859-1 bytes).

[Rehan]

@RobertPitt thanks for your idea, it worked for me. :)