How to handle custom Properties in AutoMapper

Question

I've got a ViewModel that takes some Model data and slightly alters it.

The way I'm doing it "works" since I just pass the DomainModel to the constructor for the ViewModel, but since I'm using AutoMapper on some of my one-to-one ViewModels, I thought I'd try and learn how to do the mapping across all ViewModels.

Here's an example of a ViewModel that does a little extra.

public class UsersDetailsViewModel
{
    public string UserName { get; set; }
    public string Email { get; set; }
    public string Website { get; set; }
    public int ID { get; set; }
    public List<OpenID> OpenIds { get; set; }
    public string UserAge { get; set; }
    public string About { get; set; }
    public string Slug { get; set; }
    public System.DateTime LastSeen { get; set; }
    public string Region { get; set; }
    public string MemberSince { get; set; }
    public string Reputation { get; set; }
    public bool IsUserMatch { get; set; }

    private readonly MarkdownDeep.Markdown _markdown;


    public UsersDetailsViewModel(Domain.User user)
    {
        AuthUserData currentuser = AuthenticationHelper.RetrieveAuthUser;
        _markdown.NoFollowLinks = true;
        _markdown.SafeMode = true;
        _markdown.ExtraMode = false;
        _markdown.MarkdownInHtml = true;

        // We want to ensure that the user has a username, even if they
        // haven't set one yet. What this does is check to see if the
        // user.UserName field is blank, and if it is, it will set the
        // username to "UserNNNN" where NNNN is the user ID number.
        _UserName = (user.UserName != null) ? user.UserName : "User" + user.ID.ToString;

        // Nothing fancy going on here, we're just re-passing the object from
        // the database to the View. No data manipulation!
        _Email = user.Email;
        _Website = user.WebSite;
        _ID = user.ID;

        // Get's a list of all of the user's OpenID's
        _OpenIds = user.OpenIDs.ToList;

        // Converts the users birthdate to an age representation
        _UserAge = user.BirthDate.ToAge;
        //IE: 29

        // Because some people can be real ass holes and try to submit bad
        // data (scripts and shitè) we have to modify the "About" content in
        // order to sanitize it.  At the same time, we transform the Markdown
        // into valid HTML. The raw input is stored without sanitization in
        // the database.  this could mean Javascript injection, etc, so the
        // output ALWAYS needs to be sanitized.

        // This method below was used in conjunction with MarkDownSharp
        // _About = Trim(Utilities.HtmlSanitizer.Sanitize(Markdown.Transform(user.About)))
        _About = _markdown.Transform(user.About);

        // Removes spaces from Usernames in order to properly display the
        // username in the address bar
        _Slug = Strings.Replace(user.UserName, " ", "-");

        // Returns a boolean result if the current logged in user matches the
        // details view of tBhe user in question.  This is done so that we can
        // show the edit button to logged in users.
        _IsUserMatch = (currentuser.ID == user.ID);


        // Grabs the users registration data and formats it to a <time> tag
        // for use with the timeago jQuery plugin
        _MemberSince = user.MemberSince;

        // Grabs the users last activity and formats it to a <time> tag
        // for use with the timeago jQuery plugin
        _LastSeen = user.ActivityLogs.Reverse.FirstOrDefault.ActivityDate;

        // Formats the users reputation to a comma Deliminated number 
        //    IE: 19,000 or 123k
        _Reputation = user.Reputation.ToShortHandNumber;


        // Get the name of the users Default Region.
        _Region = user.Region.Name.FirstOrDefault;
    }

}

And here's how I currently utilize the above ViewModel

public ActionResult Details(int id)
{
    User user = _userService.GetUserByID(id);

    if (user != null) {
        Domain.ViewModels.UsersDetailsViewModel userviewmodel = new Domain.ViewModels.UsersDetailsViewModel(user);
        return View(userviewmodel);
    } else {
        // Because of RESTful URL's, some people will want to "hunt around"
        // for other users by entering numbers into the address.  We need to
        // gracefully redirect them to a not found page if the user doesn't
        // exist.
        throw new ResourceNotFoundException();
    }

}

How can I use (or should I use) AutoMapper to map my DomainModel to my ViewModel while doing the custom processing you see above?

Solution 1

On automapper where you create the Map you can specify additional processes for specific members of the destination type.

So where your default map would be

Mapper.Map<Domain.User, UsersDetailsViewModel>();

there is a fluent syntax to define the more complicated mappings:

Mapper.Map<Domain.User, UsersDetailsViewModel>()
      .ForMember(vm=>vm.UserName, m=>m.MapFrom(u=>(u.UserName != null) 
                                               ? u.UserName 
                                               : "User" + u.ID.ToString()));

Here the ForMember takes two Arguments the first defines the property that you are mapping to. The second provides a means of defining the mapping. For an example I have copped out and shown one of the easy mappings.

If you require a more difficult mapping, (such as your CurrentUser mapping) you can create a class that implements the IResolver interface, incorporate your mapping logic in that new clases and then add that into the mapping.

Mapper.Map<Domain.User, UsersDetailsViewModel>()
  .ForMember(vm=>vm.IsUserMatch, m=>m.ResolveUsing<MatchingUserResolver>()));

when Mapper comes to do the mapping it will invoke your custom resolver.

Once you discover the syntax of the .ForMember method everything else kind of slots into place.

Solution 2

Custom mapping can be defined in global.ascx (at startup) by following codes :

      AutoMapper.Mapper.CreateMap<Domain.User, UsersDetailsViewModel>()
          .ForMember(o => o.Email, b => b.MapFrom(z => z.Email))
          .ForMember(o => o.UserName , b => b.MapFrom(user => (user.UserName != null) ? user.UserName : "User" + user.ID.ToString));

you can do some initialization via BeforeMap () method. But you may need to do some changes in your viewmodel.

Solution 3

I think the syntax has slightly changed in 2019 (ASP.NET Core 2.2), this method is now handled with the MapperConfiguration and the static methods are no more available.

But I agree with @KJSR, this post is still really useful :-)

 private Mapper UserMapper= new Mapper(new MapperConfiguration(cfg => (cfg.CreateMap<Domain.User, UsersDetailsViewModel>())
            .ForMember(x=>x.Email, y=>y.MapFrom(z=>z.Email))
            .ForMember(x => x.UserName , y => y.MapFrom(user => (user.UserName != null) ? user.UserName : "User" + user.ID.ToString))));

Comments

[Akmal Salikhov]

I wonder if it's best good practise to have such transformations on automapper side?

[KJSR]

Still very useful in 2019 :) Helped me solve my problem