How to iterate over a date range in PL/SQL

Question

I need to write a report that generates summary totals against a table with date ranges for each record.

table data:
option   start_date   end_date
opt1     6/12/2009    6/19/2009
opt1     6/3/2009     6/13/2009
opt2     6/5/2009     6/6/2009

What I want out is basically this:

date       option    count
6/1/2009   opt1      0
6/1/2009   opt2      0
6/2/2009   opt1      0
6/2/2009   opt2      0
6/3/2009   opt1      0
6/3/2009   opt2      1

I am having a hard time figuring out how to iterate over a date range. I am sure this is some simple cursor that could be created for this but I am at a loss. Preferably in PL/SQL

UPDATE:

I ended up using the example here to accomplish what I wanted to do. This creates a function that generates a table of dates.

Solution 1

You will need some sort of calendar to loop through a range of date. I have built one using the connect by level trick. You can then join the calendar with your data (cross join since you want a row even when there is no option for that day):

SQL> WITH calendar AS (
  2     SELECT to_date(:begin_date, 'mm/dd/yyyy') + ROWNUM - 1 c_date
  3       FROM dual
  4      CONNECT BY LEVEL <= to_date(:end_date, 'mm/dd/yyyy') 
                             - to_date(:begin_date, 'mm/dd/yyyy') + 1
  5  )
  6  SELECT c_date "date", d_option "option", COUNT(one_day)
  7    FROM (SELECT c.c_date, d.d_option,
  8                  CASE
  9                     WHEN c.c_date BETWEEN d.start_date AND d.end_date THEN
 10                      1
 11                  END one_day
 12             FROM DATA d, calendar c)
 13   GROUP BY c_date, d_option
 14  ORDER BY 1,2;

date        option COUNT(ONE_DAY)
----------- ------ --------------
01/06/2009  opt1                0
01/06/2009  opt2                0
02/06/2009  opt1                0
02/06/2009  opt2                0
03/06/2009  opt1                1
03/06/2009  opt2                0
04/06/2009  opt1                1
04/06/2009  opt2                0
05/06/2009  opt1                1
05/06/2009  opt2                1
06/06/2009  opt1                1
06/06/2009  opt2                1

12 rows selected

Solution 2

One solution that I use for this is to convert the date range into an integer range that you can use in a for loop, then convert back to a date to do stuff with it. You can't do any joins or anything this way, but it's a much smaller solution that those already posted:

declare
  start_date number;
  end_date number;
  business_date varchar2(8);
begin
  start_date := to_number(to_char(to_date('2013-04-25', 'yyyy-MM-dd'), 'j'));
  end_date := to_number(to_char(to_date('2013-05-31', 'yyyy-MM-dd'), 'j'));
  for cur_r in start_date..end_date loop
    business_date := to_char(to_date(cur_r, 'j'), 'yyyy-MM-dd');
    dbms_output.put_line(business_date);
  end loop;
end;

Solution 3

Just as an addition to the other techniques, one way I iterate over dates is the following:

/* List of days for the past year, starting with today at midnight */
SELECT TRUNC(SYSDATE) + 1 - LEVEL AS today,
       TRUNC(SYSDATE) + 2 - LEVEL AS tomorrow
FROM DUAL
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= 365

Solution 4

Here is an answer based on an answer above: It uses a start and end date:

It lists all of the days of 07/01/2013 to 07/31/2013. Easily adaptable to any date range.

SELECT to_date('07/01/2013', 'mm/dd/yyyy') + LEVEL - 1 AS today
FROM dual
CONNECT BY LEVEL <= to_date('07/31/2013', 'mm/dd/yyyy') - to_date('07/01/2013', 'mm/dd/yyyy') + 1;

Solution 5

Using while loop (better)

declare
 dfrom date;
 dtill date;
 day date;
begin
    dfrom := TO_DATE('09.09.1988', 'dd.mm.yyyy');
    dtill := TO_DATE('19.09.1988', 'dd.mm.yyyy');
    day := dfrom;

WHILE day <= dtill
LOOP
   DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(day);
   day := day + 1;
END LOOP;
    
end;
/

//using cursor
declare
 dfrom date;
 dtill date;
begin
    dfrom := TO_DATE('09.09.1988', 'dd.mm.yyyy');
    dtill := TO_DATE('19.09.1988', 'dd.mm.yyyy');
FOR cur IN (
      SELECT dfrom + LEVEL - 1 AS today
        FROM dual
        CONNECT BY LEVEL <= dtill - dfrom + 1
    ) LOOP
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE(cur.today);
    END LOOP;
    
end;
/

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Comments

[Adam Carr]

This did exactly what I wanted... better even than the article I reference above. Thanks!

[Steve Broberg]

+1 - your solution is more efficient than mine below with the extra step to create the left-join base table. Not sure how it would be in the case when the table is indexed.

[HeyMan]

works fine :) Note it should be: business_date varchar2(10); instead of varchar2(8);

[Çağdaş Karademir]

Business date is wrong. It should be varchar2(10). Please update for other users!

[Ahmad]

Definitely, this is the most clear, neat, and best answer. Thank you.