How to limit a LINQ left outer join to one row

Question

I have a left outer join (below) returning results as expected. I need to limit the results from the 'right' table to the 'first' hit. Can I do that somehow? Currently, I get a result for every record in both tables, I only want to see one result from the table on the left (items) no matter how many results I have in the right table (photos).

        var query = from i in db.items
                join p in db.photos
                on i.id equals p.item_id into tempPhoto
                from tp in tempPhoto.DefaultIfEmpty()
                orderby i.date descending 
                select new
                {
                    itemName = i.name,
                    itemID = i.id,
                    id = i.id,
                    photoID = tp.PhotoID.ToString()
                };


    GridView1.DataSource = query;
    GridView1.DataBind();

Solution 1

This will do the job for you.

from i in db.items
let p = db.photos.Where(p2 => i.id == p2.item_id).FirstOrDefault()
orderby i.date descending
select new
{
  itemName = i.name,
  itemID = i.id,
  id = i.id,
  photoID = p == null ? null : p.PhotoID.ToString();
}

I got this sql when I generated it against my own model (and without the name and second id columns in the projection).

SELECT [t0].[Id] AS [Id], CONVERT(NVarChar,(
    SELECT [t2].[PhotoId]
    FROM (
        SELECT TOP (1) [t1].[PhotoId]
        FROM [dbo].[Photos] AS [t1]
        WHERE [t1].[Item_Id] = ([t0].[Id])
        ) AS [t2]
    )) AS [PhotoId]
FROM [dbo].[Items] AS [t0]
ORDER BY [t0].[Id] DESC

When I asked for the plan, it showed that the subquery is implemented by this join:

<RelOp LogicalOp="Left Outer Join" PhysicalOp="Nested Loops">

Solution 2

What you want to do is group the table. The best way to do this is:

    var query = from i in db.items
                join p in (from p in db.photos
                           group p by p.item_id into gp
                           where gp.Count() > 0
                           select new { item_id = g.Key, Photo = g.First() })
            on i.id equals p.item_id into tempPhoto
            from tp in tempPhoto.DefaultIfEmpty()
            orderby i.date descending 
            select new
            {
                itemName = i.name,
                itemID = i.id,
                id = i.id,
                photoID = tp.Photo.PhotoID.ToString()
            };

---

Edit: This is Amy B speaking. I'm only doing this because Nick asked me to. Nick, please modify or remove this section as you feel is appropriate.

The SQL generated is quite large. The int 0 (to be compared with the count) is passed in via parameter.

SELECT [t0].X AS [id], CONVERT(NVarChar(MAX),(
    SELECT [t6].Y
    FROM (
        SELECT TOP (1) [t5].Y
        FROM [dbo].[Photos] AS [t5]
        WHERE (([t4].Y IS NULL) AND ([t5].Y IS NULL)) OR (([t4].Y IS NOT NULL) AND ([t5].Y IS NOT NULL) AND ([t4].Y = [t5].Y))
        ) AS [t6]
    )) AS [PhotoId]
FROM [dbo].[Items] AS [t0]
CROSS APPLY ((
        SELECT NULL AS [EMPTY]
        ) AS [t1]
    OUTER APPLY (
        SELECT [t3].Y
        FROM (
            SELECT COUNT(*) AS [value], [t2].Y
            FROM [dbo].[Photos] AS [t2]
            GROUP BY [t2].Y
            ) AS [t3]
        WHERE (([t0].X) = [t3].Y) AND ([t3].[value] > @p0)
        ) AS [t4])
ORDER BY [t0].Z DESC

The execution plan reveals three left joins. At least one is trivial and should not be counted (it brings in the zero). There is enough complexity here that I cannot clearly point to any problem for efficiency. It might run great.

Solution 3

You could do something like:

var q = from c in
          (from s in args
           select s).First()
        select c;

Around the last part of the query. Not sure if it will work or what kind of wack SQL it will produce :)