How to print current time (with milliseconds) using C++ / C++11
Solution 1
You can use Boost's Posix Time.
You can use boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time()
to get current time from microseconds-resolution clock:
boost::posix_time::ptime now = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
Then you can compute time offset in current day (since your duration output is in the form <hours>:<minutes>:<seconds>.<milliseconds>
, I'm assuming they are calculated as current day offset; if they are not, feel free to use another starting point for duration/time interval):
boost::posix_time::time_duration td = now.time_of_day();
Then you can use .hours()
, .minutes()
, .seconds()
accessors to get the corresponding values.
Unfortunately, there doesn't seem to be a .milliseconds()
accessor, but there is a .total_milliseconds()
one; so you can do a little subtraction math to get the remaining milliseconds to be formatted in the string.
Then you can use sprintf()
(or sprintf()_s
if you are interested in non-portable VC++-only code) to format those fields into a raw char
buffer, and safely wrap this raw C string buffer into a robust convenient std::string
instance.
See the commented code below for further details.
Output in console is something like:
11:43:52.276
Sample code:
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
#include <stdio.h> // for sprintf()
#include <iostream> // for console output
#include <string> // for std::string
#include <boost/date_time/posix_time/posix_time.hpp>
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Format current time (calculated as an offset in current day) in this form:
//
// "hh:mm:ss.SSS" (where "SSS" are milliseconds)
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
std::string now_str()
{
// Get current time from the clock, using microseconds resolution
const boost::posix_time::ptime now =
boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
// Get the time offset in current day
const boost::posix_time::time_duration td = now.time_of_day();
//
// Extract hours, minutes, seconds and milliseconds.
//
// Since there is no direct accessor ".milliseconds()",
// milliseconds are computed _by difference_ between total milliseconds
// (for which there is an accessor), and the hours/minutes/seconds
// values previously fetched.
//
const long hours = td.hours();
const long minutes = td.minutes();
const long seconds = td.seconds();
const long milliseconds = td.total_milliseconds() -
((hours * 3600 + minutes * 60 + seconds) * 1000);
//
// Format like this:
//
// hh:mm:ss.SSS
//
// e.g. 02:15:40:321
//
// ^ ^
// | |
// 123456789*12
// ---------10- --> 12 chars + \0 --> 13 chars should suffice
//
//
char buf[40];
sprintf(buf, "%02ld:%02ld:%02ld.%03ld",
hours, minutes, seconds, milliseconds);
return buf;
}
int main()
{
std::cout << now_str() << '\n';
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
Solution 2
Don't waste your time with Boost (I know many will be offended by this statement and consider it heresy).
This discussion contains two very workable solutions that don't require you to enslave yourself to non-standard, 3rd party libraries.
C++ obtaining milliseconds time on Linux -- clock() doesn't seem to work properly
http://linux.die.net/man/3/clock_gettime
References to gettimeofday can be found here at opengroup.org
Solution 3
Here is a solution I found without using boost
std::string getCurrentTimestamp()
{
using std::chrono::system_clock;
auto currentTime = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
char buffer[80];
auto transformed = currentTime.time_since_epoch().count() / 1000000;
auto millis = transformed % 1000;
std::time_t tt;
tt = system_clock::to_time_t ( currentTime );
auto timeinfo = localtime (&tt);
strftime (buffer,80,"%F %H:%M:%S",timeinfo);
sprintf(buffer, "%s:%03d",buffer,(int)millis);
return std::string(buffer);
}
Solution 4
You can use boost::posix_time
. See this SO question. Ex:
boost::posix_time::time_duration diff = tick - now;
diff.total_milliseconds();
To get the current time:
boost::posix_time::ptime t1 = boost::posix_time::microsec_clock::local_time();
// ('tick' and 'now' are of the type of 't1')
You can also use the C++11 chrono, if you can use C++11. Ex:
int elapsed_milliseconds = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(end-start).count();
To get the current time (you have several different clocks available, see the doc):
std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> t2;
t2 = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
// ('start' and 'end' are of the type of 't2')
For the time in milliseconds, you can get the duration between midnight and the current time. Example with std::chrono:
unsigned int millis_since_midnight()
{
// current time
std::chrono::time_point<std::chrono::system_clock> now = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
// get midnight
time_t tnow = std::chrono::system_clock::to_time_t(now);
tm *date = std::localtime(&tnow);
date->tm_hour = 0;
date->tm_min = 0;
date->tm_sec = 0;
auto midnight = std::chrono::system_clock::from_time_t(std::mktime(date));
// number of milliseconds between midnight and now, ie current time in millis
// The same technique can be used for time since epoch
return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(now - midnight).count();
}
Solution 5
This is a really old question but for anyone else visiting, this is a solution I came up with using modern C++...
#include <chrono>
#include <ctime>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
std::string timestamp()
{
using namespace std::chrono;
using clock = system_clock;
const auto current_time_point {clock::now()};
const auto current_time {clock::to_time_t (current_time_point)};
const auto current_localtime {*std::localtime (¤t_time)};
const auto current_time_since_epoch {current_time_point.time_since_epoch()};
const auto current_milliseconds {duration_cast<milliseconds> (current_time_since_epoch).count() % 1000};
std::ostringstream stream;
stream << std::put_time (¤t_localtime, "%T") << "." << std::setw (3) << std::setfill ('0') << current_milliseconds;
return stream.str();
}
Prospolon
Updated on February 22, 2021Comments
-
Prospolon about 3 years
Currently I use this code
string now() { time_t t = time(0); char buffer[9] = {0}; strftime(buffer, 9, "%H:%M:%S", localtime(&t)); return string(buffer); }
to format time. I need to add milliseconds, so the output has the format:
16:56:12.321
-
Prospolon about 11 yearswhat is
end
&start
? I need current time, not millis only -
Synxis about 11 yearsstart and end are two times. You can get the current time in milliseconds via a duration_cast between midnight and now. See my edit.
-
Mr.C64 about 11 years@Prospolon: I'm glad it helped.
-
crashmstr about 11 yearsIf you had just posted this as an alternative to boost (as opposed to getting on your soap box and raging against the tyranny of third party libraries), I would give this an up-vote.
-
Martin Goff about 11 yearsIf Chrono has been added to C++11, then use the implementation of it in a C++11 compliant compiler. Built-in functions should take precedence over 3rd party libraries. I have nothing against Boost. But adding an entire library when built-in functions will solve the problem adds needless complexity/overhead to the project/code.
-
Shahid Hussain almost 4 yearsAs simple as that. Thanks
-
ebk almost 3 yearsI think you cannot assume that
time_since_epoch()
always returns a duration with a period of 1 nanosecond. Like Anthony Nicholls's answer, you need to cast the duration to some period explicitly.