How to use ReadAllText when file encoding unknown
Solution 1
The only way to reliably do this is to look for byte order marks at the start of the text file. (This blob more generally represents the endianness of character encoding used, but also the encoding - e.g. UTF8, UTF16, UTF32). Unfortunately, this method only works for Unicode-based encodings, and nothing before that (for which much less reliable methods must be used).
The StreamReader
type supports detecting these marks to determine the encoding - you simply need to pass a flag to the parameter as such:
new System.IO.StreamReader("path", true)
You can then check the value of stremReader.CurrentEncoding
to determine the encoding used by the file. Note however that if no byte encoding marks exist, then CurrentEncoding
will default to Encoding.Default
.
Refer codeproject solution to detect encoding
Solution 2
You have to check file encoding first. try this
System.Text.Encoding enc = null;
System.IO.FileStream file = new System.IO.FileStream(filePath,
FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.Read);
if (file.CanSeek)
{
byte[] bom = new byte[4]; // Get the byte-order mark, if there is one
file.Read(bom, 0, 4);
if ((bom[0] == 0xef && bom[1] == 0xbb && bom[2] == 0xbf) || // utf-8
(bom[0] == 0xff && bom[1] == 0xfe) || // ucs-2le, ucs-4le, and ucs-16le
(bom[0] == 0xfe && bom[1] == 0xff) || // utf-16 and ucs-2
(bom[0] == 0 && bom[1] == 0 && bom[2] == 0xfe && bom[3] == 0xff)) // ucs-4
{
enc = System.Text.Encoding.Unicode;
}
else
{
enc = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII;
}
// Now reposition the file cursor back to the start of the file
file.Seek(0, System.IO.SeekOrigin.Begin);
}
else
{
// The file cannot be randomly accessed, so you need to decide what to set the default to
// based on the data provided. If you're expecting data from a lot of older applications,
// default your encoding to Encoding.ASCII. If you're expecting data from a lot of newer
// applications, default your encoding to Encoding.Unicode. Also, since binary files are
// single byte-based, so you will want to use Encoding.ASCII, even though you'll probably
// never need to use the encoding then since the Encoding classes are really meant to get
// strings from the byte array that is the file.
enc = System.Text.Encoding.ASCII;
}
sabisabi
Updated on October 09, 2022Comments
-
sabisabi over 1 year
Im reading a file with ReadAllText
String[] values = File.ReadAllText(@"c:\\c\\file.txt").Split(';'); int i = 0; foreach (String s in values) { System.Console.WriteLine("output: {0} {1} ", i, s); i++; }
If I try to read some files I get sometimes the the wrong character back (for ÖÜÄÀ...). The output is like '?', its because there is some trouble with the encoding:
output: 0 TEST output: 1 A??O?
One solution would be to set the encoding in ReadAllText, lets say something like
ReadAllText(@"c:\\c\\file.txt", Encoding.UTF8)
that could fix the problem. But what if I would still get '?' as output? What if I dont know the encoding of the file? And what if every single file got a different encoding? What would be the best way to do it with c#? Thank you -
MarkJ almost 12 yearsIf no byte encoding marks exist, then CurrentEncoding will use Encoding.UTF8 not Encoding.Default. "The detectEncodingFromByteOrderMarks parameter detects the encoding by looking at the first three bytes of the stream. It automatically recognizes UTF-8, little-endian Unicode, and big-endian Unicode text if the file starts with the appropriate byte order marks. Otherwise, the UTF8Encoding is used." from the docs
-
Tieme about 8 yearsThanks! Note that the FileStream is open after this code and should be closed if this code is used in some
GetEncoding
method.