How to view the roles and permissions granted to any database user in Azure SQL server instance?

Question

Could you guide me on how to view the current roles/permissions granted to any database user in Azure SQL Database or in general for a MSSQL Server instance?

I have this below query:

SELECT r.name role_principal_name, m.name AS member_principal_name
FROM sys.database_role_members rm 
JOIN sys.database_principals r 
    ON rm.role_principal_id = r.principal_id
JOIN sys.database_principals m 
    ON rm.member_principal_id = m.principal_id
WHERE r.name IN ('loginmanager', 'dbmanager');

I further need to know what are the permissions granted to these roles "loginmanager" and "dbmanager"?

Could you help me on this?

Solution 1

Per the MSDN documentation for sys.database_permissions, this query lists all permissions explicitly granted or denied to principals in the database you're connected to:

SELECT DISTINCT pr.principal_id, pr.name, pr.type_desc, 
    pr.authentication_type_desc, pe.state_desc, pe.permission_name
FROM sys.database_principals AS pr
JOIN sys.database_permissions AS pe
    ON pe.grantee_principal_id = pr.principal_id;

Per Managing Databases and Logins in Azure SQL Database, the loginmanager and dbmanager roles are the two server-level security roles available in Azure SQL Database. The loginmanager role has permission to create logins, and the dbmanager role has permission to create databases. You can view which users belong to these roles by using the query you have above against the master database. You can also determine the role memberships of users on each of your user databases by using the same query (minus the filter predicate) while connected to them.

Solution 2

To view database roles assigned to users, you can use sys.database_role_members

The following query returns the members of the database roles.

SELECT DP1.name AS DatabaseRoleName,   
    isnull (DP2.name, 'No members') AS DatabaseUserName   
FROM sys.database_role_members AS DRM  
RIGHT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP1  
    ON DRM.role_principal_id = DP1.principal_id  
LEFT OUTER JOIN sys.database_principals AS DP2  
    ON DRM.member_principal_id = DP2.principal_id  
WHERE DP1.type = 'R'
ORDER BY DP1.name;  

Solution 3

Building on @tmullaney 's answer, you can also left join in the sys.objects view to get insight when explicit permissions have been granted on objects. Make sure to use the LEFT join:

SELECT DISTINCT pr.principal_id, pr.name AS [UserName], pr.type_desc AS [User_or_Role], pr.authentication_type_desc AS [Auth_Type], pe.state_desc,
    pe.permission_name, pe.class_desc, o.[name] AS 'Object' 
    FROM sys.database_principals AS pr 
    JOIN sys.database_permissions AS pe ON pe.grantee_principal_id = pr.principal_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.objects AS o on (o.object_id = pe.major_id)

Comments

[Brien Foss]

Based on the post you've made, I would recommend spending some time reading documentation in the Help Center so that you have the best chance at getting your question answered.

[Pittsburgh DBA]

This does not work as intended when the object to which permission is granted is a SCHEMA. You must also LEFT JOIN to sys.schemas when class_desc = "SCHEMA"

[romanzdk]

Gold. Saved me. THank you