How to write JUnit test with Spring Autowire?
Solution 1
Make sure you have imported the correct package. If I remeber correctly there are two different packages for Autowiring. Should be :org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
Also this looks wierd to me :
@ContextConfiguration("classpath*:conf/components.xml")
Here is an example that works fine for me :
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "/applicationContext_mock.xml" })
public class OwnerIntegrationTest {
@Autowired
OwnerService ownerService;
@Before
public void setup() {
ownerService.cleanList();
}
@Test
public void testOwners() {
Owner owner = new Owner("Bengt", "Karlsson", "Ankavägen 3");
owner = ownerService.createOwner(owner);
assertEquals("Check firstName : ", "Bengt", owner.getFirstName());
assertTrue("Check that Id exist: ", owner.getId() > 0);
owner.setLastName("Larsson");
ownerService.updateOwner(owner);
owner = ownerService.getOwner(owner.getId());
assertEquals("Name is changed", "Larsson", owner.getLastName());
}
Solution 2
I've done it with two annotations for test class: @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
and @SpringBootTest
.
Example:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class )
@SpringBootTest
public class ProtocolTransactionServiceTest {
@Autowired
private ProtocolTransactionService protocolTransactionService;
}
@SpringBootTest
loads the whole context, which was OK in my case.
Solution 3
A JUnit4 test with Autowired and bean mocking (Mockito):
// JUnit starts with spring context
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
// spring loads context configuration from AppConfig class
@ContextConfiguration(classes = AppConfig.class)
// overriding some properties with test values if you need
@TestPropertySource(properties = {
"spring.someConfigValue=your-test-value",
})
public class PersonServiceTest {
@MockBean
private PersonRepository repository;
@Autowired
private PersonService personService; // uses PersonRepository
@Test
public void testSomething() {
// using Mockito
when(repository.findByName(any())).thenReturn(Collection.emptyList());
Person person = new Person();
person.setName(null);
// when
boolean found = personService.checkSomething(person);
// then
assertTrue(found, "Something is wrong");
}
}
Solution 4
In Spring 2.1.5 at least, the XML file can be conveniently replaced by annotations. Piggy backing on @Sembrano's answer, I have this. "Look ma, no XML".
It appears I to had list all the classes I need @Autowired in the @ComponentScan
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ComponentScan(
basePackageClasses = {
OwnerService.class
})
@EnableAutoConfiguration
public class OwnerIntegrationTest {
@Autowired
OwnerService ownerService;
@Test
public void testOwnerService() {
Assert.assertNotNull(ownerService);
}
}
![Premraj](https://i.stack.imgur.com/gerXo.png?s=256&g=1)
Premraj
Updated on July 29, 2022Comments
-
Premraj almost 2 years
Here are the files that I use:
component.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="controllers,services,dao,org.springframework.jndi" /> </beans>
ServiceImpl.java
@org.springframework.stereotype.Service public class ServiceImpl implements MyService { @Autowired private MyDAO myDAO; public void getData() {...} }
ServiceImplTest.java
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration("classpath*:conf/components.xml") public class ServiceImplTest{ @Test public void testMyFunction() {...} }
Error:
16:22:48.753 [main] ERROR o.s.test.context.TestContextManager - Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@2092dcdb] to prepare test instance [services.ServiceImplTest@9e1be92] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'services.ServiceImplTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private services.ServiceImpl services.ServiceImplTest.publishedServiceImpl; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [services.ServiceImpl] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:287) ~[spring-beans.jar:3.1.2.RELEASE]