Installing PostgreSQL on Ubuntu for Ruby on Rails

Question

I currently have Ruby on Rails installed via RVM in Ubuntu 12.04. The default database is set up in SQLite3, but I'd like to switch to PostgreSQL for the purposes of pushing to Heroku. How can I accomplish this?

Solution 1

Here are the steps I've followed:

Install PostgreSQL and development package

$ sudo apt-get install postgresql
$ sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

Set up a user that is the same as my Ubuntu log-in

$ sudo su postgres -c psql
postgres=# CREATE ROLE <username> SUPERUSER LOGIN;
postgres=# \q

Modify Gemfile

# Remove gem 'sqlite3'
gem 'pg'

Modify database.yml in app directory

development:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: appname_development
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000
  username: <username>
  password:

test:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: appname_test
  pool: 5
  timeout: 5000
  username: <username>
  password:

Run bundle install

$ bundle install

Create databases and migrations

$ rake db:create:all
$ rake db:migrate

Here are the sources I used to help:
http://mrfrosti.com/2011/11/postgresql-for-ruby-on-rails-on-ubuntu/
http://railscasts.com/episodes/342-migrating-to-postgresql
https://devcenter.heroku.com/articles/local-postgresql

Solution 2

For all Ubuntu 13.10 users that open this thread follow the steps below to install postresql:

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list"
wget --quiet -O - http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install postgresql-common -t saucy
sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.2 libpq-dev

since there isn't an official Postgres repository for Ubuntu 13.10.

Then create the user as Nick explain (you can specify a password too):

sudo su postgres -c psql
postgres=# CREATE ROLE gotqn SUPERUSER LOGIN;
postgres=# \password gotqn
postgres=# \q

Note: Replace the gotqn above with whoami result:

The easiest way to create your rails application is to specify you are using postgresql as follows:

rails new Demo -d postgresql

The code above will automatically add the pg gem in your GemFile and create appropriate database.yml file:

development:
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  database: Demo_development
  pool: 5
  username: gotqn
  password: mypass

Note: You need to change the username and to specify the correct password if you have set such.

Then run rake db:create and start the rails server.

Solution 3

sudo sh -c "echo 'deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main' > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list"

wget --quiet -O - http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ACCC4CF8.asc | sudo apt-key add -

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install postgresql-common

sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.3 libpq-dev

Comments

[Hengjie]

If you want to add a password use this command after running CREATE ROLE: ALTER ROLE <username> WITH PASSWORD '<yourpassword>'; then obviously add your password into database.yml

[Hengjie]

Alternatively, if you're just creating the role for the first time and want to enter in a password as well: CREATE ROLE <username> SUPERUSER LOGIN PASSWORD '<yourpassword>';

[Dav Clark]

If you set the user as identical with your unix username, is this secure even if there is no password? Based on, e.g., the mrfrosti.com link above, and also Heroku's Postgress.app, it seems like that's often the suggested route.

[Danny]

here's instructions for installing 9.2 on ubuntu askubuntu.com/questions/186610/how-do-i-upgrade-to-postgres-‌​9-2/…

[jmontross]

FATAL: Peer authentication failed for user "awesome"

[daveomcd]

I was switching from using tiny_tds. If you are swapping from one db to another you might want to do bundle update to your app before running rake db:create:all

[Alexander Popov]

Worked for me. I created my psql user with following command: CREATE ROLE Alex SUPERUSER LOGIN;. In the database.yml I also set my username as Alex and got the same error as jmontross. Then I changed it to alex and everything worked. I also had to run rake db:migrate RAILS_ENV=test. Also note - this method migrates the database from sqlite3 to postgres, but does not migrate the actual data in the database. To migrate it as well, refer to the railscast mentioned in the answer.

[Adam]

This is great info but do you have any idea how I would configure Postgres for production? I looked at all the links you posted and none of them mention this. They just say "don't do this in production" and talk about how to configure for test and development. I posted a question about this on here but there are no answers so far.

[Nick]

@Adam - If you're deploying to Heroku, they will automatically set your production config. You shouldn't need to specify production values in your database.yml file. For more info: devcenter.heroku.com/articles/…

[Adam]

Thanks Nick. Someone else told me that as well. Heroku is great, but I was wanting to set up my own server from scratch, just to learn how it's done.

[alf]

2 years later, the only thing that's a bit old from this answer is the postgresql version. Using the command sudo apt-get install postgresql will install the latest available version.