Is there Java HashMap equivalent in PHP?

Question

I need PHP object similar to HashMap in Java, but I didn't find when I googled, so if someone knows how I can mimic HashMaps in PHP, help would be appreciated.

Solution 1

Arrays in PHP can have Key Value structure.

Solution 2

Depending on what you want you might be interested in the SPL Object Storage class.

http://php.net/manual/en/class.splobjectstorage.php

It lets you use objects as keys, has an interface to count, get the hash and other goodies.

$s = new SplObjectStorage;
$o1 = new stdClass;
$o2 = new stdClass;
$o2->foo = 'bar';

$s[$o1] = 'baz';
$s[$o2] = 'bingo';

echo $s[$o1]; // 'baz'
echo $s[$o2]; // 'bingo'

Solution 3

Create a Java like HashMap in PHP with O(1) read complexity.

Open a phpsh terminal:

php> $myhashmap = array();
php> $myhashmap['mykey1'] = 'myvalue1';
php> $myhashmap['mykey2'] = 'myvalue2';
php> echo $myhashmap['mykey2'];
myvalue2

The complexity of the $myhashmap['mykey2'] in this case appears to be constant time O(1), meaning that as the size of $myhasmap approaches infinity, the amount of time it takes to retrieve a value given a key stays the same.

Evidence the php array read is constant time:

Run this through the PHP interpreter:

php> for($x = 0; $x < 1000000000; $x++){
 ... $myhashmap[$x] = $x . " derp";
 ... }

The loop adds 1 billion key/values, it takes about 2 minutes to add them all to the hashmap which may exhaust your memory.

Then see how long it takes to do a lookup:

php> system('date +%N');echo "  " . $myhashmap[10333] . "  ";system('date +%N');
786946389  10333 derp  789008364

So how fast is the PHP array map lookup?

The 10333 is the key we looked up. 1 million nanoseconds == 1 millisecond. The amount of time it takes to get a value from a key is 2.06 million nanoseconds or about 2 milliseconds. About the same amount of time if the array were empty. This looks like constant time to me.

Solution 4

$fruits = array (
    "fruits"  => array("a" => "Orange", "b" => "Banana", "c" => "Apple"),
    "numbers" => array(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
    "holes"   => array("first", 5 => "second", "third")
);

echo $fruits["fruits"]["b"]

outputs 'Banana'

taken from http://in2.php.net/manual/en/function.array.php

Solution 5

HashMap that also works with keys other than strings and integers with O(1) read complexity (depending on quality of your own hash-function).

You can make a simple hashMap yourself. What a hashMap does is storing items in a array using the hash as index/key. Hash-functions give collisions once in a while (not often, but they may do), so you have to store multiple items for an entry in the hashMap. That simple is a hashMap:

class IEqualityComparer {
    public function equals($x, $y) {
        throw new Exception("Not implemented!");
    }
    public function getHashCode($obj) {
        throw new Exception("Not implemented!");
    }
}

class HashMap {
    private $map = array();
    private $comparer;

    public function __construct(IEqualityComparer $keyComparer) {
        $this->comparer = $keyComparer;
    }

    public function has($key) {
        $hash = $this->comparer->getHashCode($key);

        if (!isset($this->map[$hash])) {
            return false;
        }

        foreach ($this->map[$hash] as $item) {
            if ($this->comparer->equals($item['key'], $key)) {
                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public function get($key) {
        $hash = $this->comparer->getHashCode($key);

        if (!isset($this->map[$hash])) {
            return false;
        }

        foreach ($this->map[$hash] as $item) {
            if ($this->comparer->equals($item['key'], $key)) {
                return $item['value'];
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public function del($key) {
        $hash = $this->comparer->getHashCode($key);

        if (!isset($this->map[$hash])) {
            return false;
        }

        foreach ($this->map[$hash] as $index => $item) {
            if ($this->comparer->equals($item['key'], $key)) {
                unset($this->map[$hash][$index]);
                if (count($this->map[$hash]) == 0)
                    unset($this->map[$hash]);

                return true;
            }
        }

        return false;
    }

    public function put($key, $value) {
        $hash = $this->comparer->getHashCode($key);

        if (!isset($this->map[$hash])) {
            $this->map[$hash] = array();
        }

        $newItem = array('key' => $key, 'value' => $value);        

        foreach ($this->map[$hash] as $index => $item) {
            if ($this->comparer->equals($item['key'], $key)) {
                $this->map[$hash][$index] = $newItem;
                return;
            }
        }

        $this->map[$hash][] = $newItem;
    }
}

For it to function you also need a hash-function for your key and a comparer for equality (if you only have a few items or for another reason don't need speed you can let the hash-function return 0; all items will be put in same bucket and you will get O(N) complexity)

Here is an example:

class IntArrayComparer extends IEqualityComparer {
    public function equals($x, $y) {
        if (count($x) !== count($y))
            return false;

        foreach ($x as $key => $value) {
            if (!isset($y[$key]) || $y[$key] !== $value)
                return false;
        }

        return true;
    }

    public function getHashCode($obj) {
        $hash = 0;
        foreach ($obj as $key => $value)
            $hash ^= $key ^ $value;

        return $hash;
    }
}

$hashmap = new HashMap(new IntArrayComparer());

for ($i = 0; $i < 10; $i++) {
    for ($j = 0; $j < 10; $j++) {
        $hashmap->put(array($i, $j), $i * 10 + $j);
    }
}

echo $hashmap->get(array(3, 7)) . "<br/>";
echo $hashmap->get(array(5, 1)) . "<br/>";

echo ($hashmap->has(array(8, 4))? 'true': 'false') . "<br/>";
echo ($hashmap->has(array(-1, 9))? 'true': 'false') . "<br/>";
echo ($hashmap->has(array(6))? 'true': 'false') . "<br/>";
echo ($hashmap->has(array(1, 2, 3))? 'true': 'false') . "<br/>";

$hashmap->del(array(8, 4));
echo ($hashmap->has(array(8, 4))? 'true': 'false') . "<br/>";

Which gives as output:

37
51
true
false
false
false
false

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