Number of file descriptors: different between /proc/sys/fs/file-nr and /proc/$pid/fd?
Solution 1
lsof
only lists the Process ID. To get info about threads, you should use ps -eLf
. According to the man proc
:
/proc/[pid]/task (since Linux 2.6.0-test6) This is a directory that contains one subdirectory for each thread in the process. The name of each subdirectory is the numerical thread ID ([tid]) of the thread (see gettid(2)). Within each of these subdirectories, there is a set of files with the same names and contents as under the /proc/[pid] directories. For attributes that are shared by all threads, the contents for each of the files under the task/[tid] subdirectories will be the same as in the corresponding file in the parent /proc/[pid] directory (e.g., in a multithreaded process, all of the task/[tid]/cwd files will have the same value as the /proc/[pid]/cwd file in the parent directory, since all of the threads in a process share a working directory). For attributes that are distinct for each thread, the corresponding files under task/[tid] may have different values (e.g., various fields in each of the task/[tid]/status files may be different for each thread).
In a multithreaded process, the contents of the /proc/[pid]/task directory are not available if the main thread has already terminated (typically by calling pthread_exit(3)).
I would calculate the number of open file descriptors by running:
ps -eL | awk 'NR > 1 { print $1, $2 }' | \
while read x; do \
find /proc/${x% *}/task/${x#* }/fd/ -type l; \
done | wc -l
The result is 17270.
Let's see how many file descriptors allocated since boot:
cat /proc/sys/fs/file-nr
11616 0 398855
Why there is an excess of number of file descriptors in /proc/[pid]/task/[tid]/fd
over the number of allocated file handles in /proc/sys/fs/file-nr
? I suppose that they are created by fork
ed child processes:
The child inherits copies of the parent's set of open file descriptors.
POSIX.1 also requires that threads share a range of other attributes (i.e., these attributes are process-wide rather than per-thread): - process ID
parent process ID
process group ID and session ID
controlling terminal
user and group IDs
open file descriptors
Solution 2
http://www.netadmintools.com/part295.html Some of the open files which are not using file descriptors: library files, the program itself (executable text), and so on as listed above. These files are accounted for elsewhere in the kernel data structures (cat /proc/PID/maps to see the libraries, for instance), but they are not using file descriptors and therefore do not exhaust the kernel's file descriptor maximum.
timmanna
Updated on September 18, 2022Comments
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timmanna over 1 year
I would like to check how many file descriptors are actually used:
cat /proc/sys/fs/file-nr 12750 0 753795
The first column (12750) indicates the number of file descriptors allocated since boot.
I would like to know why the number from the following command is different (assuming this one liner is returning the correct value:
for pid in $(lsof | awk '{ print $2 }' | uniq); do find /proc/$pid/fd/ -type l 2>&1 | grep -v "No"; done | wc -l
11069
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Timothy Sipples over 8 yearsI don't think the higher number in /proc/sys/fs/file-nr is due to forked processes. See the first answer here: unix.stackexchange.com/questions/176967/… and also this quote here: (..but the kernel does not free these file handles when they are released by the application. The kernel recycles these file handles instead.) access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/…
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fholzer over 2 yearsI think quanta/user367890 were referring to 17270 being greater than 11616. And the explanation give seems sound to me.