PInvoke DLL in C#
To the downvoters: This answer solves two issues: the immediate issue of the calling convention/the MarhsalAs
attribute, and the issue he will soon find where his TTest
parameter won't work if he takes my suggestion of turning TTest
into a struct.
Your native code is asking for a void*
, which in C# is an IntPtr
. First you should define TTest
as a struct and not a class. Second, you should change the declaration of Foo
to:
[DllImport(@"C:\.net course\unmanaged1\unmanaged3\Debug\unmanaged3.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern void Foo(IntPtr lplf);
And third, you should pin the TTest
using the fixed
keyword and pass it's pointer to Foo
. If you're using a class, you can use Marhsal.StructureToPtr
to get an IntPtr
from your TTest
.
This provides the same functionality on both sides, where a pointer to any type can be passed in. You can also write overloads with all the class types that you want to use since they all equate to void*
on the native side. With a struct, your parameters would be prepended with a ref
.
What I'm curious about is why your native code wants a void*
instead of a TTest*
when the first thing you do in the unmanaged code is cast to a TTest*
. If you switched the parameter to a TTest*
, then providing identical functionality becomes simpler. You declaration would become:
[DllImport(@"C:\.net course\unmanaged1\unmanaged3\Debug\unmanaged3.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Cdecl)]
public static extern void Foo(ref TTest lplf);
And you would call the function as Program.Foo(ref Test);
If you're using the class, the ref
isn't necessary as classes are reference types.
ifefer
Updated on June 04, 2022Comments
-
ifefer almost 2 years
I want to pass a structure to C function and I write the following code.
When I run it, the first function -
Foo1
is working and then functionFoo
gets an exception. Can you help me to understand what the problem is?...The C code:
typedef struct { int Size; //char *Array; }TTest; __declspec(dllexport) void Foo(void *Test); __declspec(dllexport) int Foo1(); void Foo(void *Test) { TTest *X = (TTest *)Test; int i = X->Size; /*for(int i=0;i<Test->Size;Test++) { Test->Array[i] = 127; }*/ } int Foo1() { return 10; }
The C# code:
using System; using System.Runtime.InteropServices; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; namespace ConsoleApplication1 { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class TTest { public int Size; } class Program { [DllImport(@"C:\.net course\unmanaged1\unmanaged3\Debug\unmanaged3.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] public static extern void Foo( [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStruct)] TTest lplf // characteristics ); [DllImport(@"C:\.net course\unmanaged1\unmanaged3\Debug\unmanaged3.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto)] public static extern int Foo1(); static void Main(string[] args) { TTest Test = new TTest(); Test.Size = 25; int XX = Program.Foo1(); Program.Foo(Test); } } }