PowerShell v3 Invoke-WebRequest: Troubles with forms

Question

Since I upgraded to Windows 8 a lot of my PowerShell scripts relying on launching an invisible IE won’t quite work anymore, so I tried switching to the Invoke-WebRequest command. I did a lot of googling but still can’t get my script to work.

This is what it should do:

1. load up a website with a simple form (username, password, submit-button),
2. enter the credentials
3. and submit them.

The Microsoft tech-net examples were not very helpful for me, that is what I pieced together:

$myUrl = "http://some.url"  

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $myUrl -Method Default -SessionVariable $rb
$form = $response.Forms[0]
$form.Fields["user"]     = "username"
$form.Fields["password"] = "password"

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $form.Action -WebSession $rb -Method POST 
$response.StatusDescriptionOK

I receive two errors, the first one when trying to write into the user field:

Cannot index into a null array.

$form.Fields["user"]     = "username"

    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NullArray

The second one has to do with the $form.Action which I have no idea what it should read:

Invoke-WebRequest : Cannot validate argument on parameter 'Uri'. The argument is  null or empty. Supply an argument that is not null or empty and then try the command  again.

Again, I relied heavily on example #2 at Microsoft.

Solution 1

Try doing the post directly e.g.:

$formFields = @{username='john doe';password='123'}
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $myUrl -Method Post -Body $formFields -ContentType "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"

Solution 2

To address your problem with the unsigned/untrusted certificate, add the line

[System.Net.ServicePointManager]::ServerCertificateValidationCallback = {$true}

before the Invoke-WebRequest statement

Solution 3

The example in the question works, but you have to use rb and not $rb in the first line:

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $myUrl -Method Default -SessionVariable rb

I also had to use ($myUrl + '/login') since this is my login address.

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri ($myUrl + '/login') -Method Default -SessionVariable rb

And in the last line used ($myUrl + $form.Action):

$response = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri ($myUrl + $form.Action) -WebSession $rb -Method POST

Comments

[Phil Strahl]

Thanks for the suggestion, Keith. I just tried it, but I came across some more troubles. First of all, I need to get past a certificate error to even reach the login-form. I did this override manually in a browser for now, yet on the login-page I get for any Invoke-WebRequest the following error: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel.…