Testing LS_COLORS in zsh

Question

A few years ago I found an interesting code snippet that prints each type of file in its corresponding color according to the colors set up in LS_COLORS. Unfortunately, I can't remember the link anymore.

Here is the snippet test_colors.sh in question

eval $(echo "no:global default;fi:normal file;di:directory;ln:symbolic link;pi:named pipe;so:socket;do:door;bd:block device;cd:character device;or:orphan symlink;mi:missing file;su:set uid;sg:set gid;tw:sticky other writable;ow:other w\
ritable;st:sticky;ex:executable;"|sed -e 's/:/="/g; s/\;/"\n/g')                                                                                                                                                                            
{                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
  IFS=:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     
  for i in $LS_COLORS                                                                                                                                                                                                                       
  do                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        
    echo -e "\e[${i#*=}m$( x=${i%=*}; [ "${!x}" ] && echo "${!x}" || echo "$x" )\e[m"                                                                                                                                                       
  done                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
}   

The snippet works great in bash, but not in zsh, and I can't tell why. When I run it in zsh I get the following error:

> sh .test_colors.sh
.eval_colors:1: * not found
[00:fi=00:di=01;34:ln=01;36:pi=40;33:so=01;35:do=01;35:bd=40;33;01:cd=40;33;01:or=40;31;01:su=37;41:sg=30;43:tw=30;42:ow=34;42:st=37;44:ex=01;32:*.tar=01;31:*.tgz=01;31:*.arj=01;31:*.taz=01;31:*.lzh=01;31:*.zip=01;31:*.z=01;31:*.Z=01;31:*.gz=01;31:*.bz2=01;31:*.deb=01;31:*.rpm=01;31:*.jar=01;31:*.jpg=01;35:*.jpeg=01;35:*.gif=01;35:*.bmp=01;35:*.pbm=01;35:*.pgm=01;35:*.ppm=01;35:*.tga=01;35:*.xbm=01;35:*.xpm=01;35:*.tif=01;35:*.tiff=01;35:*.png=01;35:*.mov=01;35:*.mpg=01;35:*.mpeg=01;35:*.avi=01;35:*.fli=01;35:*.gl=01;35:*.dl=01;35:*.xcf=01;35:*.xwd=01;35:*.flac=01;35:*.mp3=01;35:*.mpc=01;35:*.ogg=01;35:*.wav=01;35:m

Update (Nov. 1, 2011)

I tested the script by @Stéphane Gimenez below. I noticed that some characters seem to not escape correctly. Any thoughts why?

Answer: See comments on @Stéphane Gimenez's answer.

                                                      

Solution 1

The same written for zsh in a much cleaner way:

#!/bin/zsh

typeset -A names
names[no]="global default"
names[fi]="normal file"
names[di]="directory"
names[ln]="symbolic link"
names[pi]="named pipe"
names[so]="socket"
names[do]="door"
names[bd]="block device"
names[cd]="character device"
names[or]="orphan symlink"
names[mi]="missing file"
names[su]="set uid"
names[sg]="set gid"
names[tw]="sticky other writable"
names[ow]="other writable"
names[st]="sticky"
names[ex]="executable"

for i in ${(s.:.)LS_COLORS}
do
    key=${i%\=*}
    color=${i#*\=}
    name=${names[(e)$key]-$key}
    printf '\e[%sm%s\e[m\n' $color $name
done

Solution 2

You need to escape the = in ${i%=*} because otherwise the suffix pattern =* undergoes = expansion, so = is interpreted as a command name. This is the cause of the * not found error.

Zsh doesn't split words on variable substitutions by default, so $LS_COLORS expands to a single word. To have the for loop operate on the colon-separated parts of $LS_COLORS, use for i in $=LS_COLORS. Or more idiomatically in zsh, don't use IFS but instead specify explicitly how to split: for i in ${(s.:.)LS_COLORS}.

The syntax ${!x} to mean “the value of the variable whose name is $x” is specific to bash. Zsh has an equivalent construct, the P parameter expansion flag: ${(P)x}.

Comments

[Stéphane Gimenez]

You might want to replace \n by a space at the end of the printf for compactness maybe.

[Stéphane Gimenez]

There are two more reasons for this script is not working in zsh. No automatic word-splitting for LS_COLORS and = needs to be escaped in substitution patterns.

[Gilles 'SO- stop being evil']

@StéphaneGimenez You're right, thanks, I only hit on where bash is non-standard but these are two non-standard zsh features that need to be addressed as well. You should expand your answer to have all the explanations, and then I can delete mine.

[Amelio Vazquez-Reina]

Thanks @Stéphane Gimenez. I have updated my OP with a problem I am getting when printing some characters using your script. Not sure if this is strictly related to your script though (it may be my own terminal?)

[chandra]

@Stéphane Gimenez: I was directed here from my related question here: unix.stackexchange.com/questions/52659/… . Your expansion of abbreviations is very helpful. I have three abbreviations, rs, ca and mh that are not included above. Can you please tell me where to find their expansions? Thanks.

[weldabar]

Interpreted from dircolors -p rs=reset, ca=capability, mh=multi-hard_link