Add advanced features to a tkinter Text widget

Question

I am working on a simple messaging system, and need to add the following to a Tkinter text widget:

1. Spell Check
2. Option To Change Font ( on selected text )
3. Option to change font color ( on selected text )
4. Option to Change Font Size ( on selected text )

I understand that the tkinter Text widget has the ability to use multiple fonts and colors through the tagging mechanism, but I don't understand how to make use of those capabilities.

How can I implement those features using the features of the Text widget? Specifically, how can I change the font family, color and size of words, and how could I use that to implement something like spellcheck, where misspelled words are underlined or colored differently than the rest of the text.

Solution 1

The Tkinter text widget is remarkably powerful, but you do have to do some advanced features yourself. It doesn't have built-in spell check or built-in buttons for bolding text, etc, but they are quite easy to implement. All the capabilities are there in the widget, you just need to know how to do it.

The following example gives you a button to toggle the bold state of the highlighted text -- select a range of characters then click the button to add and then remove the bold attribute. It should be pretty easy for you to extend this example for fonts and colors.

Spell check is also pretty easy. the following example uses the words in /usr/share/dict/words (which almost certainly doesn't exist on Windows 7, so you'll need to supply a suitable list of words) It's rather simplistic in that it only spell-checks when you press the space key, but that's only to keep the code size of the example to a minimal level. In the real world you'll want to be a bit more smart about when you do the spell checking.

import Tkinter as tk
import tkFont

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self)

        ## Toolbar
        self.toolbar = tk.Frame()
        self.bold = tk.Button(name="toolbar", text="bold", 
                              borderwidth=1, command=self.OnBold,)
        self.bold.pack(in_=self.toolbar, side="left")

        ## Main part of the GUI
        # I'll use a frame to contain the widget and 
        # scrollbar; it looks a little nicer that way...
        text_frame = tk.Frame(borderwidth=1, relief="sunken")
        self.text = tk.Text(wrap="word", background="white", 
                            borderwidth=0, highlightthickness=0)
        self.vsb = tk.Scrollbar(orient="vertical", borderwidth=1,
                                command=self.text.yview)
        self.text.configure(yscrollcommand=self.vsb.set)
        self.vsb.pack(in_=text_frame,side="right", fill="y", expand=False)
        self.text.pack(in_=text_frame, side="left", fill="both", expand=True)
        self.toolbar.pack(side="top", fill="x")
        text_frame.pack(side="bottom", fill="both", expand=True)

        # clone the text widget font and use it as a basis for some
        # tags
        bold_font = tkFont.Font(self.text, self.text.cget("font"))
        bold_font.configure(weight="bold")
        self.text.tag_configure("bold", font=bold_font)
        self.text.tag_configure("misspelled", foreground="red", underline=True)

        # set up a binding to do simple spell check. This merely
        # checks the previous word when you type a space. For production
        # use you'll need to be a bit more intelligent about when
        # to do it.
        self.text.bind("<space>", self.Spellcheck)

        # initialize the spell checking dictionary. YMMV.
        self._words=open("/usr/share/dict/words").read().split("\n")

    def Spellcheck(self, event):
        '''Spellcheck the word preceeding the insertion point'''
        index = self.text.search(r'\s', "insert", backwards=True, regexp=True)
        if index == "":
            index ="1.0"
        else:
            index = self.text.index("%s+1c" % index)
        word = self.text.get(index, "insert")
        if word in self._words:
            self.text.tag_remove("misspelled", index, "%s+%dc" % (index, len(word)))
        else:
            self.text.tag_add("misspelled", index, "%s+%dc" % (index, len(word)))


    def OnBold(self):
        '''Toggle the bold state of the selected text'''

        # toggle the bold state based on the first character
        # in the selected range. If bold, unbold it. If not
        # bold, bold it.
        current_tags = self.text.tag_names("sel.first")
        if "bold" in current_tags:
            # first char is bold, so unbold the range
            self.text.tag_remove("bold", "sel.first", "sel.last")
        else:
            # first char is normal, so bold the whole selection
            self.text.tag_add("bold", "sel.first", "sel.last")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    app=App()
    app.mainloop()

Solution 2

1) Tk does'nt have an integrated spellchecker. You may be interested by PyEnchant.

2) 3) 4) is not that difficult (please forget my previous suggestion to use wxPython). You can pass a tag_config as 3rd arg of the insert method of the text widget. It defines the config of this selection.

See the following code which is adapted from the Scrolledtext example and effbot which the best reference about Tk.

"""
Some text
hello
"""

from Tkinter import *
from Tkconstants import RIGHT, LEFT, Y, BOTH
from tkFont import Font
from ScrolledText import ScrolledText

def example():
    import __main__
    from Tkconstants import END

    stext = ScrolledText(bg='white', height=10)
    stext.insert(END, __main__.__doc__)

    f = Font(family="times", size=30, weight="bold")
    stext.tag_config("font", font=f)

    stext.insert(END, "Hello", "font")
    stext.pack(fill=BOTH, side=LEFT, expand=True)
    stext.focus_set()
    stext.mainloop()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    example()