How can you move (or copy) all files to a directory with the same filename prefix?

Question

Using Bash

So let's say I have a bunch of files randomly placed in a parent directory ~/src, I want to grab all the files matching a certain suffix and move (or copy) them to a ~/dist directory.

Let's assume for this purpose that all filenames have this naming convention:

<filename_prefix>.<filename_suffix>

I found out that this was a quick way to get all files with a particular filename_suffix and put them in a dist folder:

mkdir ~/dst
find source -name "*.xxx" -exec mv -i {} -t ~/dst \;

Now a step further... how can I use the output of find, in this case filename, and use the filename_prefix to generate a directory of the same name in ~/dist and then move (or copy) all the files with that prefix into the appropriate directory?

mkdir ~/dst
find source -name "*.xrt,*.ini,*.moo" -exec mv -i {} -t ~/dst \;

Essentially, how do I change the above command (or maybe use another command), to create a structure like this

(OUTPUT)

~/dist/people/people.xrt
~/dist/games/games.xrt
~/dist/games/games.moo
~/dist/games/games.ini
~/dist/monkeys/monkeys.ini
~/dist/monkeys/monkeys.xrt

from a directory tree like this?

(INPUT)

~/src/xrt/people.xrt
~/src/xrt/games.xrt
~/src/conf/games.ini
~/src/pack/monkeys.xrt
~/src/e344/games.moo
~/src/e344/monkeys.moo
~/src/en-us/monkeys.ini

Solution 1

It would be a hell to tell find what to do in this case.

Better use the shell:

for i in **/*.{xrt,ini,moo}; do
  FILE=$(basename "$i")
  DIR=~/dst/${FILE%.*}
  echo mkdir -p -- "$DIR"
  echo mv -i -t "$DIR" -- "$i"
done

Use shopt -s globstar to make the ** glob work (or use zsh!). And remove the echos later if the command prints what you want.

Solution 2

cheating find command line:

find source -name "*.xrt,*.ini,*.moo" -exec env file={} bash -c 'base="$(basename "$file")";dir="dst/${base%.*}";mkdir -p "$dir";cp "$file" "$dir"' \;

actually a work around for calling bash script in find LOL.

=P

Comments

[qodeninja]

using bash is this the same?

[Gilles 'SO- stop being evil']

@codeninja shopt -s globstar, see my edit. If there are only two levels, you can use */*.* and the snippet will work in any shell.

[Stéphane Gimenez]

Guess what happens if there is a file which is called… happy rm -rf / ! This kind of code deserves a -1.

[Stéphane Gimenez]

Your edit is not enough: let's say you cliked on a link and downloaded Yay" rm -rf / "Rox0r.avi, again there is like a problem…

[Stéphane Gimenez]

(And there is no way to make this kind of substitution safe).

[Stéphane Gimenez]

Ah maybe it's possible to do this differently. It seems that the following works: -exec bash -c 'command which uses "$1"' bash '{}' ';'. Well, it's quite pointless anyway.

[yuyichao]

@StéphaneGimenez done, bash is not the only thing to use. LOL

[Stéphane Gimenez]

At least it seems safe now.