How to print binary numbers using f"" string instead of .format()?

Question

For printing some numbers to their binary formats, we simply use the .format() method, like so:

# Binary
for i in range(5+1):
    print("{0:>2} in binary is {0:>08b}".format(i))

0 in binary is 00000000
1 in binary is 00000001
2 in binary is 00000010
3 in binary is 00000011
4 in binary is 00000100
5 in binary is 00000101

Similar is for printing in other formats (hex and octal) which just requires replacing the latter braces to the digits we want to print. But is there a way to use the new f"" string to replace the .format() command? I know this might seem trivial but I stumped over this while playing around with the new feature, besides f"" makes the code shorter and more readable.

for i in range(5+1):
    print(f'{0:>2} in binary is {0:>08b}')
# This prints out just 0s

Solution 1

Your f-string should have expressions in it rather than indices:

f'{i:>2} in binary is {i:>08b}'

Anywhere you had 0 in the original format string should be replaced by the actual first argument: in this case i.

Caveat

The expression in the f-string is evaluated twice, but the argument to format is only evaluated once when you access it by index. This matters for more complicated expressions. For example:

"{0:>2} in binary is {0:>08b}".format(i + 10)

Here the addition i + 10 only happens once. On the other hand

f"{i+10:>2} in binary is {i+10:>08b}"

does the addition twice because it is equivalent to

"{:>2} in binary is {:>08b}".format(i + 10, i + 10)

Or

"{0:>2} in binary is {1:>08b}".format(i + 10, i + 10)

The workaround is to pre-compute the results of expressions that appear in your f-string more than once:

j = i + 10
f"{j:>2} in binary is {j:>08b}"

Now j is evaluated multiple times, but it's just a simple reference.

Solution 2

Here is my take:

In the old .format() the 0 represented the 1st element passed to the format function. "{0:>2} in binary is {0:>08b}".format(i). 0 was used twice to access the first variable twice. Another way of writing it would be: "{:>2} in binary is {:>08b}".format(i,i) omitting the indices.

In the new f'' format we pass variables/expressions instead.