Non-interactive creation of SSL certificate requests

Question

Is there a way to create SSL cert requests by specifying all the required parameters on the initial command? I am writing a CLI-based web server control panel and I would like to avoid the use of expect when executing openssl if possible.

This is a typical way to create a cert request:

$ openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -sha256 -keyout foobar.com.key -out foobar.com.csr
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.................................................+++
........................................+++
writing new private key to 'foobar.com.key'
-----
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:US
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:New Sweden
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Stockholm
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Scandanavian Ventures, Inc.
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:foobar.com
Email Address []:[email protected]

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:FooBar

I am hoping to see something like this: (unworking example)

$ openssl req -new -newkey rsa:2048 -nodes -sha256 -keyout foobar.com.key -out foobar.com.csr \
-Country US \
-State "New Sweden" \
-Locality Stockholm \
-Organization "Scandanavian Ventures, Inc." \
-CommonName  foobar.com \
-EmailAddress [email protected] \
-Company FooBar

The fine man page had nothing to say on the matter, nor was I able to find anything via Google. Must SSL cert request generation be an interactive process, or is there some way to specify all the parameters in a single command?

This is on a Debian-derived Linux distro running openssl 1.0.1.

Solution 1

you are missing two part:

the subject line, which can be called as

-subj "/C=US/ST=New Sweden/L=Stockholm /O=.../OU=.../CN=.../emailAddress=..."

• replacing ... with value, X= being X509 code (Organisation/OrganisationUnit/etc ... )

the password value, which can be called as

-passout pass:client11
-passin  pass:client11

• which give an output/input password

my calling for new key looks like

openssl genrsa -aes256 -out lib/client1.key -passout pass:client11 1024
openssl rsa -in lib/client1.key -passin pass:client11 -out lib/client1-nokey.key

openssl req -new -key lib/client1.key -subj req -new \
    -passin pass:client11 -out lib/client1.csr \
    -subj "/C=US/ST=New Sweden/L=Stockholm/O=.../OU=.../CN=.../emailAddress=..."

(now that I see it, there is two -new ... )

Solution 2

I append to my regular openssl command:

openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 7300 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/key.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/cert.pem

This line:

-subj "/C=PE/ST=Lima/L=Lima/O=Acme Inc. /OU=IT Department/CN=acme.com"

Description:

• Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:PE
• State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Lima
• Locality Name (eg, city) []:Lima
• Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Acme Inc.
• Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:IT Department
• Common Name (e.g. server FQDN or YOUR name) []:acme.com

Use "/" like separator.

Solution 3

Check for -batch option as described in the official docs.

Comments

[ceejayoz]

jamescoyle.net/how-to/…

[dotancohen]

@ceejayoz: Very nice, thank you. א) Where are those openssl flags documented? ב) What did you google for to find that? Thank you!

[ceejayoz]

I googled "CSR generate script". The -subj parameter is documented (not in much detail) at openssl.org/docs/apps/req.html.

[sebix]

It is also possible to create a config file, typically called openssl.cnf.

[dotancohen]

Thank you. I see that the batch option exists, but there seems to be no explanation of how to use it.

[dotancohen]

Why was this answer downvoted? Is batch not a possible solution to the issue? From the name, it sounds like it just might be.

[eject]

It's definitely only way to do this with -batch option, why downvoted I have no idea. Statement "The fine man page had nothing to say on the matter" is false, because of "-batch" option.

[dotancohen]

Upvoted for mentioning batch, as even though I didn't use it in the solution it may come in handy in the future.

[dotancohen]

It seems that the accepted answer already includes this information. Otherwise, thank you.

[mustaccio]

This answer doesn't seem to be very useful, as it doesn't explain how to use that option (neither does the doc). Using -batch without -subj causes the command to fail, while using -subj without -batch works just fine, so it's unclear what benefit -batch provides, if any.

[Mireodon]

Upvoted since this answer better explains the data to put into the -subj line