How can I extract an image from a particular time of a video in Xubuntu 16.04?

Question

I am looking for a command line option.

For example, if I have the video sample-video.mp4, and I want to generate an image file sample-image.jpg from the video at time 00:00:26, what command should I give?

Also, it would be very helpful if you can explain in detail what the function of every argument of the command is.

Solution 1

You can use mplayer (from package mplayer, not installed by default):

mplayer -vo jpeg -ss 00:00:26 -frames 1 sample-video.mp4

This will create the file 00000001.jpg so you have to rename it. As far as I know there's no way to specify a filename.

-vo jpeg means you want JPEG output, -ss 00:00:26 seeks to the given position, -frames 1 means to process one frame and then quit.

Solution 2

You can use ffmpeg

ffmpeg -loglevel quiet -ss 26 -i sample-video.mp4  -t 1 -f image2 anyfilename.jpeg

• -loglevel set the logoutput to quiet because ffmpeg is very chatty
• -ss is seek (in seconds, i.e. where you want to take the snapshot)
• -i input video file
• -t timeframe of the snapshot (in seconds)
• -f filetype

You can also play around with the options, like control quality of the jpeg output -q:v <linear integer 1-10> or resolution -s 480x300 .

Some more ideas here

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VLC Method

cvlc sample-video.mp4 --start-time=26 --run-time=1 --rate=1 --video-filter=scene --vout=dummy --aout=dummy  --scene-ratio=24 --scene-prefix=sample-image --scene-replace vlc://quit

• cvlc - because its command-line and we don't want any windows opening. also, this means we can run it without X11.

• --start-time=26 - is the exact position of the snapshot in seconds

• --run-time=1 - how long the video will "play" in seconds. We play it for one second to make a screenshot of this second
• --rate=1 when to take the screenshot. This basically means "every second" and is useful, if you have longer files, to take a screenshot every 60 seconds or every 5 minutes
• --video-filter=scene tell VLC that we want to take screenshots
• --vout=dummy no output for video on X11, we don't need it
• --aout=dummy no output for audio, we don't need it
• --scene-ratio=24 we tell VLC that there are approx 24 frames per second
• --scene-prefix=sample-image the filename of your screenshot
• --scene-replace replace any files that are called like your screenshot sample-image.png with your current screenshot. If you omit this, VLC will start numbering the screenshots
• vlc://quit quit vlc once we are finished

Complete documentation here

Comments

[Sonevol]

What is the advantage of getting more than 1 frames? Will those be copies or each frame will differ by a second?

[Christopher B. Adkins]

Images created from more frames will differ by fractions of a second. Tjhe exact value depends on the video.

[Sonevol]

What do you mean by chatty? And I want a snapshot at the 26th second. So why specify timeframe by -t. I am taking image not video.

[Robert Riedl]

"Chatty" because ffmpeg prints over 40 lines of log output with this command, like the current version, setup type and information about the input video file - which is uninteresting for you. For your purpose you can probably omit "-t 1". Seems the default is one second or a fraction of that, which is fine for the screenshot. The nice difference is the possibility to define the output filename and tweak quality/resolution, etc

[xDaizu]

@Sonevol The frame exactly at 0:00:26 may not be exactly what you want. You may want to take the ~50 frames between 0:00:25 and 0:00:27 (or even just 3-4 frames around the 0:00:26 mark) and then browse through them to pick the best one.

[andrew.46]

@FlorianDiesch Possible also to output to png with something like: -vo png:z=9 with the -z setting specifying compression level. For jpeg you could also add in a quality setting: -vo jpeg:quality=100. But your answer is great as it is already :)