How do I shut down or reboot from a terminal?

Question

How can I shut down or reboot Ubuntu using terminal commands?

Solution 1

For shutdown:

sudo poweroff

For restart:

sudo reboot

Appendix: If your keyword is "lockup" so you can't enter a command like "reboot" which would run from "su" anyway, use the keyboard: hold down Alt + PrintScreen/SysRq, buttons and type "REISUB". It doesn't have to be capital letters. It will restart your computer gently. http://blog.kember.net/articles/reisub-the-gentle-linux-restart/

Solution 2

Open your terminal with CTRL+ALT+T and do these following commands

To shutdown the system:

sudo shutdown -h now 

To restart:

sudo reboot

& one more command for restart:

sudo shutdown -r now

Another way as one of the user mentioned.

For shutdown:

sudo halt

or:

sudo init 0 

For restart:

sudo init 6

You can get more info on the shutdown command by using one of the following:

• shutdown --help
• man shutdown

Solution 3

Hate passwords (sudo) and love one-liners?

For Ubuntu 15.04 and later

This is due to Ubuntu's shift in using systemd instead of Upstart

systemctl poweroff
systemctl reboot
systemctl suspend
systemctl hibernate
systemctl hybrid-sleep

Since hibernate is normally disabled by default in Ubuntu systems, you can enable this by checking this answer.

For Ubuntu 14.10 or earlier

Shutdown:

/usr/bin/dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit" /org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Manager org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.Stop

Restart:

/usr/bin/dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit" /org/freedesktop/ConsoleKit/Manager org.freedesktop.ConsoleKit.Manager.Restart

Other commands you may like:

Suspend:

/usr/bin/dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.UPower" /org/freedesktop/UPower org.freedesktop.UPower.Suspend

Hibernate: (if enabled on your system)

/usr/bin/dbus-send --system --print-reply --dest="org.freedesktop.UPower" /org/freedesktop/UPower org.freedesktop.UPower.Hibernate

Solution 4

On 16.04 no need of sudo

To shutdown/poweroff:

poweroff

To reboot:

reboot

Solution 5

Use

sudo shutdown -h (time) (message)

This will shutdown your computer and halt it. That is what the -h is for. Then, in the time area you can choose the shutdown delay (in minutes) and if you want you can send a broadcast message in the message area (like goodbye, or I'm shutting the thing down :P).

To restart the computer, type

sudo shutdown -r (time) (message)

Now, instead of shutting it down and halting it, you will restart your computer once it's shutdown. :)

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Comments

[Admin]

Related (but not a duplicate): Shutting down the system using a virtual console

[fromnaboo]

@jai the target is to offer the op and everyone else alternative ways of doing what he has asked.

[ubiquibacon]

It seems shutdown -r now is preferable to reboot as the second can put you into maintenance mode

[NorthLattitude]

I always wondered how the GUI shutdown the system without needing sudo. I assume this is it.

[Mark Jeronimus]

On Armbian, just reboot is not found. instead, /sbin/reboot works.

[Franck Dernoncourt]

FYI What is the difference between the shutdown, halt and reboot commands?

[Will Dereham]

@MarkJeronimus It depends on your PATH variable, and your SECURE_PATH in the /etc/sudoers file.

[Post Self]

what about shutdown now and shutdown -r now?

[Hee Jin]

Can anyone explain why sudo halt might not perform shutdown in some cases, whereas sudo halt -p does?

[kyb]

Failed to set wall message, ignoring: Interactive authentication required. from ssh

[Hashim Aziz]

Today I found an advantage to systemd.

[Paramvir Singh Karwal]

@NicolasRaoul nopes, for me i see this without sudo. Failed to set wall message, ignoring: Interactive authentication required. Failed to reboot system via logind: Interactive authentication required. Failed to open /dev/initctl: Permission denied Failed to talk to init daemon.

[Pablo Bianchi]

On both there is no need for sudo. shutdown will give you 1 minute. REI (from REISUB) is now disabled by default.

[Pranav]

@systemd And what is that?!

[Pranav]

What do mean by, "This will shutdown your computer and halt it. That is what the -h"? What is the difference if we only use "shutdown" or "poweroff" command? What is so special about "halt"!?